A substance is matter that has a definite composition.
TRUE or FALSE?

Answer:

The answer is true

Explanation:

This process is called passive transport or facilitated diffusion, and does not require energy. The solute can move "uphill," from regions of lower to higher concentration. This process is called active transport, and requires some form of chemical energy.

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Newton's universal law of gravitation states that all objects attract each other with a force directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.

Gravitational force is a kind of attraction force which acts between two objects and it is represented as:

G = m₁m₂/r²

From the formula it is clear that:

Hence correct options are directly, inversely, directly, acceleration, gravity, larger and toward respectively.

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The theoretical mass of [tex]CaCl_2[/tex] is ​110.

Explanation:

Mass of one atom of calcium = 40 .

Mass of one atom of chlorine=35.5 .

Hence , two atoms would be [tex]35.5 \times 2=70.[/tex]

Therefore, mass of calcium chloride would be net sum both constituent atoms

= [tex]40+70=110[/tex]

So the theoretical mass of [tex]CaCl_2[/tex] is ​110.

The theoretical mass is the measure of item coming about because of an ideal chemical reaction, and in this manner not equivalent to the sum you'll really get from a response in the lab. It is the measure of item coming about because of an ideal chemical reaction, and therefore not equivalent to the sum you'll really get from a response in the lab.

Volt is the unit to measure cell potential.

Explanation:

The cell potential is the measure of potential difference in the two halves of the electrochemical cell.

It is the measure of how much voltage exists between the two halves of the battery. The unit of volt is joule/coulomb. The cell potential is measured by voltmeter.

The energy per unit charge from the oxidation-reduction reaction to drive the reaction is cell potential.

According to the food and safety guidelines, it takes 2 hours to cool 140 F to 70 F. Then in the second stage it takes 4 hours to cool 70 F to 40 F. Hence, for the next four hours, the soup will reach a temperature of 40 F.

The "Temperature Risk Zone" is defined by the USDA as the range between 40°F and 140°F (4°C and 60°C) (TDZ). They give it its name since that is the range in which germs may multiply most rapidly.

If you don't think that seems extremely quick, think about this: If a soup has 150 bacteria floating on it, in 20 minutes it will have 300, and in another 20 minutes it will have 600. At this rate, you'll have 100,000 Salmonella bacteria, which is sufficient to produce a serious infection, in just over three hours.

The TDZ must be crossed from 140°F (60°C) to 70°F (21°C) after 2 hours of cooking, then from 70°F (21°C) to 40°F (6°C) within another 4 hours, according to the criteria for ServSafe, a nationally recognized food safety training programme.

Therefore, the soup will reach 40 F in the four hours to be cooled properly.

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To find the number of moles in [tex]\(4.81 \times 10^{24}\)[/tex] atoms of LiCl, use Avogadro's constant. The calculation yields approximately 8 moles, indicating the quantity of formula units present in the given number of atoms.

To determine the number of moles in a given quantity of formula units, you can use Avogadro's constant. Avogadro's constant states that one mole of any substance contains approximately [tex]\(6.022 \times 10^{23}\)[/tex] entities (atoms, molecules, or formula units). In this case, the formula unit is LiCl.

Given that there are [tex]\(4.81 \times 10^{24}\)[/tex] atoms of LiCl, we can set up the conversion:

[tex]\[ \text{Number of moles} = \frac{\text{Number of entities}}{\text{Avogadro's constant}} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \text{Number of moles} = \frac{4.81 \times 10^{24}}{6.022 \times 10^{23}} \approx 8 \][/tex]

Therefore, there are approximately 8 moles of LiCl formula units in [tex]\(4.81 \times 10^{24}\)[/tex] atoms.

The question probable maybe:

How many moles are in [tex]4.81*10^2^4[/tex] atoms of formula units of LiCl?

The student's question is about the amount of lithium (4.81*10^24 atoms), which relates to its atomic properties and applicability in technologies like lithium ion batteries.

The question involves calculating the amount of lithium using Avogadro's number and understanding lithium's atomic structure and isotopes. Lithium (Li), with an atomic number of 3, has 3 protons and often appears as its isotope lithium-7, which has 4 neutrons. The mass number of lithium-7 is 7, indicating it has a mass of 7.016 u. The electron configuration for lithium is 1s22s1, with the first two electrons filling the 1s orbital and the third electron in the 2s orbital. This knowledge is essential in fields like battery technology, where Lithium ion batteries are prominent. Lone pairs and London dispersion forces also play a role in the properties of lithium compounds, but the student's question is focused on the number of atoms, so those concepts are less directly relevant here.

Answer:

[tex]\large \boxed{\text{-851.4 kJ/mol}}[/tex]

Explanation:

2Al(s) + Fe₂O₃(s) ⟶ Al₂O₃(s) + 2Fe(s); ΔᵣH = ?

The formula for calculating the enthalpy change of a reaction by using the enthalpies of formation of reactants and products is

[tex]\Delta_{\text{r}}H^{\circ} = \sum \Delta_{\text{f}} H^{\circ} (\text{products}) - \sum\Delta_{\text{f}}H^{\circ} (\text{reactants})[/tex]

                            2Al(s) + Fe₂O₃(s) ⟶ Al₂O₃(s) + 2Fe(s)

ΔfH°/kJ·mol⁻¹:         0         -824.3         -1675.7         0

[tex]\begin{array}{rcl}\Delta_{\text{r}}H^{\circ} & = & [1(-1675.7) + 2(0)] - [2(0) - 1(-824.3)]\\& = & -1675.7 + 824.3\\& = & \textbf{-851.4 kJ/mol}\\\end{array}\\\text{The enthalpy change is } \large \boxed{\textbf{-851.4 kJ/mol}}[/tex]

Answer: 6.9

Explanation:Please see attachment for explanation

The average atomic mass of lithium, with its given isotopic masses and natural abundances, is calculated to be approximately 6.9429 amu.

To calculate the average atomic mass of lithium, the mass of each isotope of lithium is multiplied by its natural abundance (as a decimal), and then the values are added together, following the general equation for average atomic mass:

Average atomic mass = (Fraction of isotope 1 x Mass isotope 1) + (Fraction of isotope 2 x Mass isotope 2) + ...

Using the given values in the question:

The average atomic mass of lithium is then the sum of these, or approximately 6.9429 amu.

This method of calculation is based on the understanding that isotopes of an element have different masses and their average mass is calculated based on their abundance percentages in nature. This is the same way the average atomic mass of boron (from your example) or any other element with multiple stable isotopes would be calculated.

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Answer:

the flame

Explanation:

When there is not enough of one reactant in a chemical reaction, the reaction stops abruptly. To figure out the amount of product produced, it must be determined reactant will limit the chemical reaction (the limiting reagent) and which reactant is in excess (the excess reagent). One way of finding the limiting reagent is by calculating the amount of product that can be formed by each reactant; the one that produces less product is the limiting reagent.

Ta, Os, and Rh represent Tantalum, Osmium, and Rhodium on the periodic table, respectively, and are part of the transition metals category.

On the periodic table, Ta stands for Tantalum, Os stands for Osmium, and Rh stands for Rhodium. These elements are all part of the transition metals category, which falls between groups 3-12 of the periodic table. Transition metals, like Tantalum, Osmium, and Rhodium, have distinctive properties and play important roles in various processes, including serving as key components in industrial catalysis and electronic devices. Particularly, Rhodium is part of the platinum metals group, which consists of six transition metals with similar chemical properties and occurrences in nature.

Final answer:

Ta, Os, and Rh on the periodic table stand for the transition metals Tantalum, Osmium, and Rhodium, respectively, and are found in groups 3-12.

Explanation:

On the periodic table, Ta stands for Tantalum, Os stands for Osmium, and Rh stands for Rhodium. These elements are categorized as transition metals, which are found in groups 3-12 of the periodic table. These metals are known for their ability to form various oxidation states and often have significant roles in industrial chemistry and biological systems. For instance, some transition metals like iron are crucial for the function of hemoglobin in red blood cells, illustrating the importance of these elements both technically and biologically.

Answer: 2 Ag3N => 6 Ag + N2

Explanation: Decomposition is expressed through this generic equation:

AX => A+ X

After the reaction balance the chemical reaction.

The decomposition of silver nitride, Ag3N, results in the formation of elemental silver and nitrogen gas. This reaction is an example of a redox process where silver ions are reduced and nitrogen is oxidized.

The decomposition reaction of Ag3N is a chemical process in which silver nitride breaks down into its constituent elements. In a typical decomposition, a compound like Ag3N would yield silver (Ag) and nitrogen gas (N2). However, silver nitride is a highly sensitive compound, and its decomposition can sometimes be explosive. Therefore, special care should be taken when handling this substance.

To analyze the decomposition of Ag3N, we should consider that the general form of a decomposition reaction is AB → A + B. Applying this to silver nitride would imply that Ag3N → 3Ag + N2.

It's important to recall that in redox reactions, elements undergo oxidation and reduction, where one species loses electrons and another gains electrons. Silver nitride decomposition is an example of such a process, with silver ions being reduced to metallic silver and nitrogen being oxidized to nitrogen gas.

Answer: Al2S3

Explanation: The oxidation number of Al is +3 since it is in group 3 ( Al+3).

Sulfur is in group 6 and has an oxidation of -2 since it is a nonmetal and an anion.

Criss cross the charges and write them as subscripts.

So the chemical composition is

Al2S3

Answer:

1.0876 M

Explanation:

Initial Volume of NaOH (V1) = 1234.56 mL

Convert mL to L

1 mL = 0.001 L

1234.56 mL = 1234.56 x 0.001 = 1.2346 L

Initial Molarity of NaOH (M1) = 3.33 M

final Volume of NaOH  (V2) = 3.78 L

Final Molarity of NaOH (M2) = ?

Solution:

As we diluting the concentrated NaOH

Note: Molarity = M= mol/L

So, Dilution formula will be used

         M1 V1 = M2 V2

Put values in above equation

            3.33 mol/L x 1.2346 L = M2 x 3.78 L

Rearrange the above equation

           M2 = 3.33 mol/L x 1.2346 L  / 3.78 L

           M2 = 4.1112 mol / 3.78 L

           M2 = 1.0876 M

So, the final molarity of the diluted Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution is 1.0876 M.

Weightlessness or microgravity experienced by astronauts is not directly caused by gravitational force, as they are in continuous free-fall while orbiting the Earth. Gravity is a force that acts without physical contact and keeps celestial bodies in their orbits.

The outcome not caused by gravitational force is weightlessness or microgravity in an orbiting spacecraft. This may seem counterintuitive as gravity is always present; however, an astronaut in orbit is in a state of free-fall, constantly accelerating towards the Earth but also moving forward, causing a sensation of weightlessness. Gravity affects us on Earth by pulling objects toward the center of the Earth, it is the force responsible for objects falling, and it keeps celestial bodies in orbit, like the moon around Earth, or Earth around the sun. However, near a black hole, for instance, the gravitational pull is so extreme that it can tear matter from nearby objects due to its intense tidal forces.

Gravitational force is a force that acts at a distance and is expressed by a formula that is valid everywhere in the universe. This is evident in phenomena like the orbit of planets and moons, the orbits of stars in a galaxy, or the clustering of galaxies. It's important to note that while gravity is weak compared to the other fundamental forces in nature, such as electromagnetic, strong nuclear, and weak nuclear forces, it is the dominant force in large-scale interactions where the other three forces can be negligible.

"Asthenosphere" describes a section of Earth's structure below moving continents as parts of large plates.

Answer: Option C

Explanation:

The asthenosphere denoted as the upper mantle of a very sticky, mechanically weak and flexible area in the earth. It is located below the surface of the lithosphere at depths of about 80 and 200 km (in terms of miles, 50 and 120). The boundary is commonly called the lithospheric LAB - asthenosphere.

The asthenosphere is nearly solid, though some of its regions could be molten below mid-ocean ridges for an instance. The lower asthenosphere boundary isn't well defined. The asthenosphere's thickness depends primarily on the temperature.

Answer:

Carbon

Explanation:

Answer: A. 6

Explanation: It is not present in the balanced chemical equation. Therefore it is not part of the coefficient in the reaction of the substances.

Three ways to increase the rate of dissociation of a solid are:

1. Increasing the surface area of the solute.

2. Increasing the temperature of the solvent.

3. Agitating the solute and solvent mixture.

Explanation:

The dissociation of a solid is defined as the separation of ions when an ionic compounds dissolve. The dissociation rate can be increased by increasing the surface area of the solute because it would get enough  chance to interact with other particles, hence the rate of dissociation increases.

By increasing the temperature, the kinetic energy of the molecules increase thereby dissolving more of the solute particles.

Agitating affects dissociation rate because it helps solute particle to get distributed evenly and hence gets dissociate easily.

Answer: 1.29 x 10^24 atoms of Nitrogen is present

Explanation:

molar mass of NO = 14 +16 = 30g/mol

number of moles of NO = 4.58mol

number of moles of Nitrogen in NO is = (14/30)x4.58= 2.1373 moles

To get the number of atoms of Nitrogen we use Avogadro's number

Number of atoms of Nitrogen= mole fraction of Nitrogen x Avogadro's constant = 2.1373 x 6.02 x 10^23 = 1.29 x 10^24 atoms

Answer:

Milk is considered a colloid because it is a homogeneous mixture

Explanation:

Milk is a colloid because it's a liquid mixture where solid protein particles, large enough to scatter light, are evenly distributed and do not settle with time. This causes milk, like all colloids, to appear cloudy or opaque.

Milk is considered a colloid because it is an example of a liquid mixture in which solid particles, that are large enough to scatter light, are dispersed. This property of colloids is known as the Tyndall effect, and it's the reason why colloids, including milk, may appear cloudy or opaque.

The term 'colloid' originates from the Greek words for 'glue' and 'like' and was first used to designate mixtures similar to milk, which contains small protein particles dispersed throughout the liquid. When milk is dehydrated, it forms powdered milk particles of colloidal size.

In simpler terms, a colloid is a kind of mixture where one substance is evenly distributed within another, and the dispersed particles do not settle with time, just like the molecules in milk.

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Answer:

There are 3 significant numbers in the number 5.05

Explanation:

The volume of the piece of aluminum is 1.96 mL

Explanation:

Density is the relationship of the mass of a substance and its volume.

In this case, the mass of aluminum is 5.30 g and the density is 2.70 g/mL

The formula to apply is;

D=M/V where D is density in g/mL, M is mass in g and V is volume in mL

2.70=5.30/V

V=5.30/2.70 =1.96 mL

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Answer:

m = 575 g

Explanation:

Given data:

Volume of solution = 0.500 L (0.500×1000 = 500 mL)

Density of glucose solution = 1.15 g/mL

Mass of glucose solution = ?

Solution:

Formula:

d = m/v

d = density

m = mass

v = velocity

Now we will put the values in formula.

1.15 g/mL = m/500 mL

m = 1.15 g/mL × 500 mL

m = 575 g

Answer:

No two elements have the same kind of atom.

Explanation:

No two elements have the same kind of atom is the statement true about elements therefore, option (1) is correct.

An element is a substance whose atoms all have the same number of protons  , in other words we can say that   all atoms of a given element have the same number of atoms.

Characteristics of an element -:

The main characteristic of an element is that it is a pure substance. This means that it cannot be broken down any further and into any other substance.

Elements describes about the elements  interact with the environment around them, especially temperatures and when they are placed into different substances .

No two elements have the same kind of atom is the statement true about elements hence , option (1) is correct.

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Answer:

Explanation:

To interpret this pedigree, let’s start with information that we already know:

Brown is recessive, which means brown individuals must have the phenotype BB. In this pedigree, brown individuals are filled in.

Black is dominant, which means black individuals must have at least one B allele. Their phenotype could be either BB or BB. In this pedigree, black individuals are not filled in.

Figure 5 shows the same pedigree, but with information about the individual’s phenotype filled in.

The shaded individual, who is a brown female puppy, must have the phenotype BB. If she had any B alleles, she would be black because the black allele is dominant over the brown allele.

In order for the brown puppy to have the phenotype BB, she must have gotten two “b” alleles: one from each of her parents. We know that her parents are both black (because they are unshaped), which means they must have a least one “B” allele. This means that both parents must be heterogeneous: BB.

The three black puppies must have at least one “B” allele in order for them to be black in color. However, we can’t tell whether they are homologous dominant (BB) or heterogeneous (BB) since both of those phenotype would result in black color. One way to represent this on a pedigree is B-, meaning that the second allele could be either B or b.

Answer:

The number of electrons in the outer energy level

Explanation:

The correct option is c. The column that an element is in on the periodic table tells us about the number of electrons in the outer energy level, which is also known as the valence electrons.

This number is crucial because it determines the chemical properties of the element, including its reactivity and how it bonds with other elements. The number of valence electrons is indicated by the group number for the main group elements (groups 1, 2, and 13-18). For transition metals and inner transition metals, the electron configuration, including the d and f orbitals, plays a role in their placement in the periodic table, but the column still gives information about their valence electrons.

To clarify the other options provided in the question:

- The year the element was discovered: This information is not represented by the column an element is in on the periodic table. The year of discovery is a historical fact and is not related to the position of the element in the table.

- The number of protons in the nucleus: This is indicated by the atomic number of the element, which is unique to each element and determines its identity. The atomic number increases as we move from left to right across a period (row) of the periodic table.

- The mass of the atom: The mass of an atom is related to the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, known as the mass number. While the atomic mass, which is an average of the masses of all isotopes of an element, is often listed on the periodic table, it does not directly correlate with the column the element is in. Instead, the atomic mass increases as you move across a period due to the increasing number of protons and neutrons.

In summary, the column an element is in on the periodic table primarily indicates the number of electrons in the outer energy level, which is a key factor in the element's chemical behavior.

The complete question is- What can we tell from the column that an element is in?

a. The year the element was discovered

b. The number of protons in the nucleus

c. The number of electrons in the outer energy level

d. The mass of the atom

Answer:

Ni(s) + H₂O(l) -------------> [Ni(H₂O)₆]²⁺

Explanation:

Data Given:

Reactants:

Ni(s) + H₂O(l)

Product = ?

Solution:

Names of the Reactants

Ni = Nickel

H₂O = water

Reaction:

Normally nickel directly does not react with water under normal condition. But indirectly in acidic or neutral condition it form complex ion.

For this it first dissolve slowly in dilute acid, in this reaction it liberate Ni²⁺ ions these nickel ions form light green complex ions in aqueous solution.

              Ni(s) + H₂SO₄(aq) -------> Ni²⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq) + H₂

This is a type of complex formation in which Nickel react with water and produced a light green color new complex ion or product.

Complete reaction is as under

                  Ni(s) + H₂O(l) -------------> [Ni(H₂O)₆]²⁺

Balance Reaction:

                   Ni(s) + 6 H₂O(l) -------------> [Ni(H₂O)₆]²⁺

So.

by this reaction one product is formed that is [Ni(H₂O)₆]²⁺ named as hexaqua nickel ion

Answer:

I answered this on an old account copy from the photo and enjoy :')

Answer:

7 moles

Explanation:

The molecular formula of sodium sulfide is Na_2S

One molecule of Sodium sulfide has 2 atoms of sodium and one atom of sulfur

1 mole of Sodium sulfide has  2 moles of sodium and one mole of sulfur

so 3.5 moles of sodium sulfide will have 2× 3.5 moles of sodium atoms

i.e 2×3.5= 7 moles of sodium atom

Final answer:

In 3.5 moles of sodium sulfide (Na₂S), there are 7 moles of sodium atoms because each molecule of sodium sulfide contains two sodium atoms.

Explanation:

To calculate the number of moles of sodium atoms contained in 3.5 moles of sodium sulfide (Na₂S), we need to consider the chemical formula of the compound. Sodium sulfide is made up of two sodium atoms (Na) for every sulfide ion (S²⁻). Therefore, each mole of Na₂S will contain 2 moles of sodium atoms.

Using this stoichiometric relationship, the calculation for the number of moles of sodium atoms in 3.5 moles of sodium sulfide is as follows: