Answer:
D.Cardboard pieces
Explanation:
Cardboard pieces would a good representation of the crust.
The crust of just a thin layer in terms of thickness. We can picture the crust as an apple skin or an orange peel. It's thickness is averages about 5-10km for thinner oceanic crusts and about 30-50km for thicker continental crust.
The crust is the thinnest layer of the earth.
Below the crust is the region of the mantle. The mantle is made of the upper mantle, asthenosphere and mesosphere. The asthenosphere is in a weak plastic form and it is very thick. It averages a thickness of about 190km,about 100 times the oceanic crust and 4 times the continental crust. The mantle is the thickest region of the earth.
The core is the innermosr layer of the earth. It is about 2300km thick.
It would be very ideal to relatively represent the crust as pieces of cardboard floating on an oily asthenosphere.
The functional groups in an organic compound can frequently be deduced from its infrared absorption spectrum. A C6 hydrocarbon exhibits bands between 3000-3100 (w), 2850-2960 (m), and at 1650 cm-1 (w). Relative absorption intensity: (s)=strong, (m)=medium, (w)=weak. What functional class(es) does the compound belong to? List only classes for which evidence is given here. Attach no significance to evidence not cited explicitly. Do not over-interpret exact absorption band positions. None of your inferences should depend on small differences like 10 to 20 cm-1.
IR spectrum shows characteristic peaks for each functional groups. The band arise in the region, 3000-3100 corresponds to the OH group and the band in the range of 2850-2660 cm⁻¹corresponds to the C-H stretching and the band at 1650 cm⁻¹ indicates the presence of C=C stretching.
What is IR spectroscopy?Infrared spectroscopy is analytical tool deal with the vibrational transition in molecules by the absorption of infrared radiation. Molecules which exhibit a change in dipole moment during vibration are IR active.
Ir spectroscopy is also called as vibrational spectroscopy, because the wavenumber corresponding to different modes of vibrations are measuring in this spectroscopic technique.
Each functional group have characteristic vibrational movements and corresponding bands in the IR spectrum . Hence, it is very useful for structural elucidation of molecules.
The bands in the region 3000-3100 cm⁻¹ corresponds to the stretching of OH group. Similarly the C-H stretching falls in the region of 2850-2660 cm⁻¹. A band at 1650 cm⁻¹ indicates the presence of C=C in the molecule.
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Final answer:
The infrared absorption spectrum indicates the presence of C-H stretching vibrations and a C=C double bond in the compound, classifying it as an alkene.
Explanation:
The infrared absorption spectrum of a C6 hydrocarbon shows key bands that allow us to deduce the functional groups present. The bands at 3000-3100 cm-1 (w), although weak, suggest the presence of C-H stretching vibrations in an alkane or alkene, since they fall within the range of 2850-2960 cm-1 (m) typical for sp3-hybridized carbons in alkanes. The band at 1650 cm-1 (w) is indicative of a C=C double bond suggestive of an alkene, as similar absorptions would be seen for carbonyl (C=O) stretching vibrations in ketones, aldehydes, or carboxylic acids, but those would typically have a stronger intensity and appear around 1715-1735 cm-1.
Thus, the evidence from the absorption spectrum suggests that this hydrocarbon belongs to the functional class of alkenes.
You need to know the volume of water in a small swimming pool, but, owing to the pool's irregular shape, it is not a simple matter to determine its dimensions and calculate the volume. To solve the problem, you stir in a solution of a dye (1.00 g of methylene blue, C16H18ClN3S, in 50.0 mL of water). After the dye has mixed with the water in the pool, you take a sample of the water. Using a spectrophotometer, you determine that the concentration of the dye in the pool is 3.74 × 10-8 M. What is the volume of water in the pool in liters? The molar mass of methylene blue is 319.854 g/mol.
Answer:
83,700 liter (rounded to 3 significant figures)Explanation:
1) Data:
a) Solution of a dye:
m₁ = 1.00 g of methylene blue, C₁₆H₁₈ClN₃SV₁ = 50.0 mL MM₁ = 319.854 g/molb) Water of the pool, after mixing the dye:
M₂ = 3.74 × 10⁻⁸ M. V₂ = ?2) Formulae:
a) Molarity: M = n / V in liter
b) Molar mass: MM = mass in grams / number of moles
3) Solution:
a) Number of moles of methylene blue in the prepared solution:
n₁ = mass in grams / molar mass = = 1.00 g / 319.854 g/mol = 0.00313 molb) Number of moles of methylen blue in the pool = number of moles of methylen blue in the prepared solution
n₂ = n₁ = 0.00313 molc) Volume of the pool:
M₂ = n₂ / V₂ ⇒ V₂ = n₂ / M₂ = 0.00313 mol /( 3.74 × 10⁻⁸ M) = 83,700 literAnd that is the answer, which has to be rounded to 3 significant figures, since the data are expressed with 3 significant figures.
Note: For all the effects, the 50.0 mL of the dye solution are neglictible in front of the volume of the pool.
Final answer:
To calculate the volume of water in an irregularly shaped pool using a known concentration of methylene blue dye, the dilution formula is applied with the dye's initial concentration and mass, resulting in the pool's volume being 83,689 liters.
Explanation:
To find the volume of water in the pool using the concentration of methylene blue dye, first, determine the amount of dye initially used to disperse in the pool water. Since 1.00 g of methylene blue was dissolved in 50.0 mL of water, and knowing the molar mass of methylene blue is 319.854 g/mol, we can calculate the molarity of the initial solution before it was diluted in the pool.
Moles of methylene blue = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol) = 1.00 g / 319.854 g/mol = 0.00313 moles.
Thus, the initial concentration of the dye in the solution dispersed in the pool is 0.00313 moles / 0.050 L = 0.0626 M.
When this dye disperses evenly throughout the pool, its concentration decreases to 3.74 × 10-8 M. The total volume of the pool water can be calculated by applying the concept of dilution, where the moles of dye remain constant but the volume changes:
Initial moles = final molesInitial concentration × initial volume = Final concentration × final volume0.0626 M × 0.050 L = 3.74 × 10-8 M × Final volumeFinal volume = (0.0626 M × 0.050 L) / (3.74 × 10-8 M)Final volume = 83,689 LTherefore, the volume of water in the pool is 83,689 liters.
Calculate the cell potential, E, for the following reactions at 26.29 °C using the ion concentrations provided. Then, determine if the cells are spontaneous or nonspontaneous as written. Standard reduction potentials (E°red) may be found here.'1) Pt(s)+Fe2+(aq)\rightleftharpoonsPt2+ (aq)+Fe(s)[Fe2+]=0.0066M [Pt2+]=0.057ME= ? V2) Cu(s)+2Ag+(aq)\rightleftharpoonsCu2+(aq)+2Ag(s)[Cu2+]=0.013M [Ag+]=0.013ME= ?V3) Co2+(aq)+Ti3+(aq)\rightleftharpoonsCo3+(aq)+Ti2+(aq)[Co2+]=0.050M [Co3+]=0.030M[Ti3+]=0.0055M [Ti2+]=0.0110ME=?VCalculate the cell potential for the following reaction as written at 25.00 °C, given that [Mg2 ] = 0.796 M and [Sn2 ] = 0.0170 M. Standard reduction potentials can be found here.Mg(s)+Sn2+(aq)\rightleftharpoonsMg2+(aq)+Sn(s)E=?V
Answer:
I will work only one of the listed equations ... you follow the given example for the remaining reactions. Thank you :-)
Rxn 1: Pt°(s) + Fe⁺²(aq) ⇄ Pt⁺²(aq) + Fe°(s)
a) E(Pt⁺²/Fe°) = - 1.668v
b) Process is Non-spontaneous if E(cell) < 0
Explanation:
Pt°(s) + Fe⁺²(aq) ⇄ Pt⁺²(aq) + Fe°(s) ⇔
Pt°(s)|Pt⁺²[0.057M]║Fe⁺²[0.006M]|Fe°(s)
As written, Pt° is shown undergoing oxidation with Fe⁺² undergoing reduction. Applying the reduction potentials to the analytical equations for E(cell) and ΔG(cell) gives E(Pt/Fe⁺²) < 0 and ΔG(Pt/Fe⁺²) > 0 which indicate a non-spontaneous process. The following supports this conclusion.
E°(Fe⁺²) = -0.44v
E°(Pt⁺²) = +1.20v
E°(Pt/Fe⁺²) =E°(Redn) - E°(Oxidn) =E°(Fe⁺²) - E°(Pt⁺²)
= -0.44v - (+1.20v) = - 1.64v
[Fe⁺²] = 0.0066M
[Pt⁺²] = 0.057M
n = electrons transferred = 2
E(nonstd) = E°(std) - (0.0592/n)logQ);
Q = [Pt⁺²]/[Fe⁺²]
= -1.64v - (0.0592/2)log[0.057M]/[0.006M]v = -1.668v
Also, if ΔG(cell) > 0 => indicates non-spontaneous process
ΔG(Pt/Fe⁺²) = - nFE = -(2)(96,500Coulombs)((-1.664v) > 0 Kj => nonspontaneous rxn. (1 Coulomb-volt = 1 Kilojoule)
The Nernst equation is used to obtain the cell potential under standard conditions from the cell potential under nonstandard conditions.
Pt(s) + Fe^2+(aq) -------> Pt^2+ (aq) + Fe(s)
We have the following information from the question;
[Fe2+] = 0.0066M, [Pt2+] = 0.057M
The standard reaction potential is; 1.18 V - (-0.44V) = 1.62 V
Using Nernst equation;
Ecell = E°cell - 0.0592/n log Q
Where;
Q = [Pt2+] /[Fe2+] = 0.057M/ 0.0066M = 8.636
Ecell = 1.62 V - 0.0592/2 log(8.636)
Ecell = 1.59 V
Cu(s) + 2Ag+(aq) -------> Cu2+(aq) + 2Ag(s)
The standard reaction potential is; 0.80 V - 0.34 V = 0.46 V
Q = [Cu2+]/[Ag+]^2 = 0.013/0.013^2 = 76.92
Ecell = 0.46 V - 0.0592/2 log(76.92)
Ecell = 0.40 V
Co2+(aq) + Ti3+(aq) -------> Co3+(aq) + Ti2+(aq)
The standard reaction potential of the reaction is; 1.92 V - (-0.37) = 2.29 V
Q = [Ti2+] [Co3+]/[Co2+] [Ti3+] = [0.0110] [0.030]/[0.050] [0.0055] = 0.00033/0.000275 = 1.2
Ecell = 2.29 V - 0.0592/1 log(1.2)
Ecell = 2.28 V
Mg(s) + Sn2+(aq) --------> Mg2+(aq) + Sn(s)
The standard reaction potential of the reaction is; (-0.14 V) - (-2.37 V) = 2.23 V
Q = [Mg^2+]/[Sn^2+] = [0.796 M]/[0.0170 M] = 46.8
Ecell = 2.23 V - 0.0592/2 log(46.8)
Ecell = 2.18 V
Each of the cell is spontaneous as written since Ecell in each case is positive.
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Find the mass of the cone using the triple beam balance. a. 543.0 g b. 542.0 g c. 504.28 g d. 502.8 g Please select the best answer from the choices provided
Answer: B got it correct
Explanation:
The the mass of the cone using the triple beam balance will be 543.0 grams. correct option is A.
What is triple beam balance?
The triple beam balance is an instrument or apparatus used to measure mass very accurately and precisely and these devices typically have a reading error or round off of of ±0.05 grams.
The name of the instrument refers to its three beams, in which the middle beam is the largest and longest the far beam of medium size one average and the front beam the smallest and lightest.
Therefore, the mass of the cone using the triple beam balance will be 543.0 grams. correct option is A.
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What reaction model represents a nuclear fission reaction
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{\text{n + A $\longrightarrow$ B + C + n}}[/tex]
Explanation:
When a neutron hits the nucleus of a heavy atom, the nucleus splits into two fragments of roughly equal mass and emits two or three neutrons.
A model that fits the process is
[tex]\boxed{\textbf{n + A $\longrightarrow$ B + C + n}}[/tex]
Answer : The correct option is, [tex]A\rightarrow B+C+n[/tex]
Explanation :
Nuclear fusion : It is a process where the two small nuclei converted to form a heavy nuclei and release some energy.
Nuclear fission : It is a process where a heavier nuclei (unstable nuclei) converted into two or more small (stable nuclei) and release some energy.
From the given reactions, we conclude that the reaction that shows the nuclear fission reaction is:
[tex]A\rightarrow B+C+n[/tex]
Hence, the nuclear fission reaction is, [tex]A\rightarrow B+C+n[/tex]
67.00 grams of calcium carbonate breaks down. A. Write the balanced the reaction B. Identify the reaction type (single replacement, double replacement, synthesis, decomposition or combustion). C. What is the theoretical yield of carbon dioxide gas (in grams)? D. What is the percent yield if 27.67 grams of carbon dioxide gas are actually produced?
Answer:
A. CaCO₃(s) → CaO(s) + CO₂(g).
B. Decomposition reaction.
C. 29.46 g.
D. 93.94%
Explanation:
A. Write the balanced the reaction
Calcium carbonate breaks down according to the balanced equation:CaCO₃(s) → CaO(s) + CO₂(g),
1.0 mol of CaCO₃ is decomposed to produce 1.0 mol of CaO and 1.0 mol of CO₂.
B. Identify the reaction type (single replacement, double replacement, synthesis, decomposition or combustion).
It is a decomposition reaction.A decomposition reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more elements or new compounds.
Herein, CaCO₃ is decomposed to produce CaO and CO₂.
C. What is the theoretical yield of carbon dioxide gas (in grams)?
Firstly, we should get the no. of moles (n) of 67.00 grams of calcium carbonate:n = mass/molar mass = (67.0 g)/(100.08 g/mol) = 0.6695 mol.
Using cross-multiplication:
1.0 mol of CaCO₃ produces → 1.0 mol of CO₂, from stichiometry.
∴ 0.6695 mol of CaCO₃ produces → 0.6695 mol of CO₂.
We can calculate the theoretical yield of carbon dioxide gas using the relation:
∴ The theoretical yield of carbon dioxide gas = n*molar mass = (0.6695 mol)(44.0 g/mol) = 29.46 g.
D. What is the percent yield if 27.67 grams of carbon dioxide gas are actually produced?
∵ the percent yield = (actual yield/theoretical yield)*100.
actual yield = 27.67 g, theoretical yield = 29.46 g.
∴ the percent yield = (27.67 g/29.46 g)*100 = 93.94%.
WILL MARK BRAINLIEST
If a planet has a lower orbital radius, what does that mean about its proximity to the sun? How would that affect the climate on that planet?
Answer:
If the planet has a lower orbital radius it means the planets proximity to the sun is farther away. The climate of the planet will be colder than a planet that would have a closer proximity to the sun.
Ron and Hermione begin with 1.50 g of the hydrate copper(II)sulfate ∙ x-hydrate (CuSO4 ∙ xH2O), where x is an integer. Part of their practical exam is to determine this integer x. They are working in pairs, though Hermione is doing most of the work. This should be discouraged! After dehydration they find that they are left with 0.96 g of the an-hydrate CuSO4. What is the unknown integer x. Round the answer to the nearest integer.
Answer:
The unknown integer X in the formula is 5.Explanation:
1) Data:
a) Mass of CuSO₄ ∙ XH₂O = 1.50 g
b) Mass of CuSO₄ = 0.96
c) X = ?
2) Additional needed data:
a) Molar Mass of CuSO₄ = 159,609 g/mol
b) Molar mass of H₂O = 18,01528 g/mol
3) Chemical principles and formulae used:
a) Law of conservation of mass
b) Molar mass = mass in grams / number of moles = m / n
4) Solution:
a) Law of conservation of mass:
Mass of CuSO₄ ∙ XH₂O = mass of CuSO₄ + mass of H₂O1.50g = 0.96g + mass of H₂O ⇒ mass of H₂O = 1.50g - 0.96g = 0.54gb) Moles
n = m / molar massCuSO₄: n = 0.96g / 159.609 g/mol = 0.0060 molH₂O: 0.54g / 18.01528 g/mol = 0.030 molc) Proportion:
Divide both mole amounts by the least of the two numbers, i.e. 0.0060
CuSO₄: 0.0060 / 0.0060 = 1H₂O: 0.030 mol / 0.0060 = 5Then, the ratio of CuSO₄ to H₂O is 1 : 5 and the chemical formula is:
CuSO₄ . 5H₂O.Hence, the value of X is 5.
Answer:
CuSO4*5H2O
X = 5
Explanation:
Step 1: Data given
Mass of the copper(II)sulfate hydrate = 1.50 grams
After dehydration they find that they are left with 0.96 g of the an-hydrate CuSO4.
Step 2: Calculate mass of water
Mass of water = mass of hydrate - mass of anhydrate
Mass water = 1.50 grams - 0.96 grams
Mass water = 0.54 grams
Step 3: Calculate moles of water
Moles H2O = mass / molar mass
Moles H2O = 0.54 grams / 18.02 g/mol
Moles H2O = 0.030 moles
Step 4: Calculate moles of CuSO4
Moles CuSO4 = 0.96 grams / 159.61 g/mol
Moles CuSO4 = 0.0060 moles
Step 5: Calculate mol ratio
We divide by the smallest amount of moles
H2O : 0.030 / 0.060 = 5
CuSO4: 0.0060 / 0.0060 = 1
For 1 mol CuSO4 we have 5 moles of H2O
CuSO4*5H2O
X = 5
an unknown acid has a hydronium ion concentration of 0.00352. what is its ph
-0.00352
0.00352
2.453
12.65
Answer:
2.453.
Explanation:
∵ pH = - log[H₃O⁺]
[H₃O⁺] = 0.00352 M.
∴ pH = - log[H₃O⁺] = - log(0.00352) = 2.453.
What kind of reaction occurs when a molecule of glucose reacts with oxygen to give carbon dioxide and water?
Answer:
An oxidation-reduction reaction
Explanation:
[tex]\stackrel{\hbox{-2}}{\hbox{C}}\text{$_{6}$H$_{12}$O$_{6}$} + 6\stackrel{\hbox{0}}{\hbox{O}\text{$_{2}$}} \longrightarrow 6\stackrel{\hbox{+4}}{\hbox{C}}\text{O$_{2}$}} + 6\text{H$_{2}$}\stackrel{\hbox{-2}}{\hbox{O}}[/tex]
Look at the oxidation numbers of the atoms.
Each carbon atom in glucose loses four electrons (oxidation), and each oxygen atom in O₂ gains two electrons (reduction).
For each pair below, select the sample that contains the largest number of moles. Pair A 2.50 g O2 2.50 g N2
Answer:
Explanation:
Pair 2.50g of O₂ and 2.50g of N₂
The atoms sample with the largest number of moles since the masses are the same would be the one with lowest molar mass according the the equation below:
Number of moles = [tex]\frac{mass }{molarmass}[/tex]
Atomic mass of O = 16g and N = 14g
Molar mass of O₂ = 16 x 2 = 32gmol⁻¹
Molar mass of N₂ = 14 x 2 = 28gmol⁻¹
Number of moles of O₂ = [tex]\frac{2.5}{32}[/tex] = 0.078mole
Number of moles of N₂ = [tex]\frac{2.5}{28}[/tex] = 0.089mole
We see that N₂ has the largest number of moles
Answer:
Pair A : 2.50 g N2 Pair B : 21.5 g n2 Pair C : 0.081 CO2
Explanation:
The reaction 2HI → H2 + I2 is second order in [HI] and second order overall. The rate constant of the reaction at 700°C is 1.57 × 10−5 M −1s−1. Suppose you have a sample in which the concentration of HI is 0.75 M. What was the concentration of HI 8 hours earlier?
Answer:
1.135 M.
Explanation:
For the reaction: 2HI → H₂ + I₂,The reaction is a second order reaction of HI,so the rate law of the reaction is: Rate = k[HI]².
To solve this problem, we can use the integral law of second-order reactions:1/[A] = kt + 1/[A₀],
where, k is the reate constant of the reaction (k = 1.57 x 10⁻⁵ M⁻¹s⁻¹),
t is the time of the reaction (t = 8 hours x 60 x 60 = 28800 s),
[A₀] is the initial concentration of HI ([A₀] = ?? M).
[A] is the remaining concentration of HI after hours ([A₀] = 0.75 M).
∵ 1/[A] = kt + 1/[A₀],
∴ 1/[A₀] = 1/[A] - kt
∴ 1/[A₀] = [1/(0.75 M)] - (1.57 x 10⁻⁵ M⁻¹s⁻¹)(28800 s) = 1.333 M⁻¹ - 0.4522 M⁻¹ = 0.8808 M⁻¹.
∴ [A₀] = 1/(0.0.8808 M⁻¹) = 1.135 M.
So, the concentration of HI 8 hours earlier = 1.135 M.
Final answer:
To find the concentration of HI 8 hours earlier in a second-order reaction, we utilize the integrated rate law specific for second-order reactions and solve for the initial concentration using the given rate constant and the time in seconds.
Explanation:
The reaction 2HI → H2 + I2 is second order in [HI] and second order overall, meaning the rate equation can be written as Rate = k[HI]2. Given the rate constant (k) of 1.57 × 10−5 M−1s−1 at 700°C and the current concentration of 0.75 M, we need to calculate the concentration 8 hours earlier. To solve this, we can use the integrated rate law for a second-order reaction:
[HI]−1 - [HI]0−1 = kt
Where [HI]0 is the initial concentration, [HI] is the concentration after time t, k is the rate constant, and t is the time in seconds. We have:
[HI] = 0.75 M
k = 1.57 × 10−5 M−1s−1
t = 8 hours × 3600 seconds/hour = 28800 seconds
Plugging these values into the integrated rate equation, we calculate [HI]0. Finally, we can find the concentration 8 hours earlier.
For each of the following, indicate if the number of half-lives elapsed is:
1. one half-life
2. two half-lives
3. three half-lives
a. a sample of Ce-141 with a half-life of 32.5 days after 32.5 days
b. a sample of F-18 with a half-life of 110 min after 330 min
c. a sample of Au-198 with a half-life of 2.7 days after 5.4 days
Answer:
a. one half-lifeb. three half-livesc. two half-livesExplanation:
The number of half-lives elapsed, n, is calculated dividing the time by the half-life time:
n = time / half-life timea. A sample of Ce-141 with a half-life of 32.5 days after 32.5 days
n = 32.5 days / 32.5 days = 1 half-lifeb. A sample of F-18 with a half-life of 110 min after 330 min
n = 330 min / 110 min = 3 half-livesc. A sample of Au-198 with a half-life of 2.7 days after 5.4 days
n = 5.4 days / 2.7 days = 2 half-livesWhat is true if ln K is negative??Gorxn is zero and the reaction is at equilibrium.?Gorxn is positive and the reaction is spontaneous in the reverse direction.?Gorxn is negative and the reaction is spontaneous in the reverse direction.?Gorxn is positive and the reaction is spontaneous in the forward direction.?Gorxn is negative and the reaction is spontaneous in the forward direction
When ln K is negative, it means the equilibrium constant K is less than one, which results in a positive Gibbs free energy (ΔGrxn), indicating that the reaction is spontaneous in the reverse direction.
Explanation:If ln K is negative, this indicates that the equilibrium constant, K, is less than one. According to thermodynamic principles, this means that the Gibbs free energy (ΔGrxn) for the reaction under standard conditions is positive, and therefore, the reaction is spontaneous in the reverse direction.
This is because the natural logarithm of a number less than one yields a negative value, and since ΔG° is related to ln K by the negative product with the gas constant (R) and temperature (T), ΔG° becomes positive when ln K is negative. So, the correct statement is 'ΔGrxn is positive and the reaction is spontaneous in the reverse direction.' A negative ΔGrxn would indicate a reaction that is spontaneous in the forward direction. If ΔGrxn were zero, the system would be at equilibrium and K would equal one.
Ions are formed when atoms a) gain or lose protonsb) gain or lose electronsc) gain or lose neutrons d) each of these results in ion formatione) none of these results in ion formation
Answer:
b) Gain or lose electrons
Explanation:
An ion is an electrically charged particle. For an atom to be charged, it must have gained or lost electron in the process and therefore, it becomes an ion.
The loss or gain of electrons is what makes an atom charged and eventually becomes an ion.
A positively charged ion is one that has lost an electron and it is called a cation. In such an ion, the number of electrons are lesser than those of protons. This is why they are cations
A negatively charged ion is one that has gained electrons. They are called anions. In such an ion, the number of electrons are greater than that of protons.
The thermostat in a refrigerator filled with cans of soft drinks malfunctions and the temperature of the refrigerator drops below zero celcius. The contents of the cans of diet soft drinks freeze, rupturing many of the cans and causing an awful mess. However, none of the cans containing regular non diet soft drinks rupture. Select the statement or statements below that best describe this behavior.A. As the temperature drops the solubility of the dissolved carbon dioxide gas decreases in the diet soft drinks. The pressure caused by this released gas builds up and finally ruptures the can.B.Water expands on freezing. Since water is the principle ingredient in soft drinks when the soft drink freezes it will rupture the can.C. There is more water in diet soft drink so they will freeze point of the solution sufficiently so that the solution does not freeze.D. Diet soft drink are inherently messier than non diet soft drinks.
The behavior of the cans of soft drinks in a malfunctioning refrigerator is explained by the properties of water's expansion on freezing and gas solubility changes under varying pressure and temperature, but none of the given options accurately explains why only diet soft drink cans ruptured.
Explanation:The scenario with cans of soft drinks in a malfunctioning refrigerator can be explained by the behavior of carbonated beverages when exposed to changes in temperature and pressure. The key statements that describe this behavior are:
Water expands on freezing. Since water is the principal ingredient in soft drinks, when the soft drink freezes, it will rupture the can. This is a general property of water and applies to all the cans equally. However, it does not directly explain why only the diet soft drinks' cans ruptured.Solution is exposed. Gas solubility in a liquid increases as the pressure of the gas over the liquid increases. During the carbonation process, beverages are exposed to high carbon dioxide pressure, saturating the beverage with CO₂. When the pressure is released, as in opening a can, a decrease in CO₂ solubility is observed, causing the release of gas. This principle also applies when the solubility of carbon dioxide decreases due to temperature drop, potentially causing cans to burst if the internal pressure becomes too high. However, this does not directly address the difference between diet and regular soft drinks.The actual reason for the difference in the behavior between diet and regular soft drinks is not explicitly stated in the options; however, the sugar content in regular soft drinks could play a role in depressing the freezing point of the solution, making it less likely to freeze and expand within the same temperature range.Therefore, while 'B. Water expands on freezing' is a correct statement, it does not fully explain why only diet soft drink cans ruptured. The differences in freezing point depression due to differing ingredient compositions between diet and regular soft drinks could provide a better explanation, albeit not directly addressed among the options given.
If the amount of energy required to break bonds in the reactants is more than the amount of energy released in forming bonds in the products, the chemical reaction is endothermic.
True
False
The statement for, "endothermic reaction has high energy for breaking bonds" has been true.
The chemical reaction has been differentiated as the endothermic and exothermic reaction based on the energy absorbed or release by the system.
The chemical compounds have been consisted of the conserved energy that has been released by the chemical when they break the bond. The energy has been absorbed by the bonds for the formation of new bonds.
Do endothermic energy has high energy released?The endothermic reaction has been given as the reaction that has been absorbed the energy from the surrounding for the breaking of bonds.
In the endothermic reaction, the energy for breaking bonds has been higher than the energy required to form new bonds in the products.
Thus, the system absorbs the energy from the surrounding and result in the rise in temperature of the system.
Thus, the statement for, "endothermic reaction has high energy for breaking bonds" has been true.
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Answer:
True
Explanation:
Got it right on the quiz
The modern periodic table is ordered on the basis of a) atomic massb) atomic radiusc) atomic charged) atomic number e) number of neutrons
What are the correct half reactions for the following reaction:
Zn + 2 HCl -> H 2 + ZnCl 2
Answer:
D. Zn → Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻, 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂.
Explanation:
It is a redox reaction that is consisted of two half-reactions:Oxidation reaction:
Zn losses 2 electrons and is oxidized to Zn²⁺:
Zn → Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻.
Reduction reaction:
H⁺ gains 1 electron and is reduced to H:
2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂.
So, the right choice is: D. Zn → Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻, 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂.
Answer:
D. Zn → Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻, 2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂.
Explanation:
Answer via Educere/ Founder's Education
How many atoms are bromine are in 6.41 moles of Br?
Answer:
7,72Е24
Explanation:
if one mole is 6.022*10²³, then 6.41 moles are: 6.41*6.022*10²³*2=2*3.86*10²⁴=7.72E24 (atoms).
PS/ Formula of Br is Br₂.
An atom consists of a small positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons. We organize the electrons in a logical manner. As the atomic number increases, electrons are added to the subshells according to their energy. Lower energy subshells fill before higher energy subshells The order of filling is 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s, 4f, 5d, 6p, 7s, 5f, 6d, 7p. The periodic table can be used to help you remember the order. Give the ground-state electron configuration for silicon (Si). Express the complete electron configuration using superscripts where appropriate. For example, the configuration for Li would be entered as 1s^22s^1.
Answer:
Si: 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p2
Explanation:
Other electron configuration summaries include ...
Si:[Ne]3s²3p2; [Ne] = electron configuration of noble gas Neon (1s²2s²2p⁶)
Si:[Ne]3s²2p₋₁¹p₀¹p₊₁⁰ <=> e⁻ configuration with orbital orientations
Si:[Ne]3s(↑↓)3p₋₁(↑)p₀(↑) <=> Orbital Diagram
Final answer:
The ground-state electron configuration for silicon (Si) is determined by the Aufbau principle, which gives us Si: 1s²2s²2p¶3s²3p².
Explanation:
The ground-state electron configuration for silicon (Si), which has an atomic number of 14, is determined using the Aufbau principle. Starting with the lowest energy subshell, we continue to fill each subshell according to the prescribed order until all 14 electrons have been placed. Thus, following the order: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, the electron configuration for silicon will be:
Si: 1s²2s²2p¶3s²3p².
Here, each number represents the principal quantum number corresponding to the shell, while the letter indicates the subshell type. The superscript denotes the number of electrons in that particular subshell.
What coefficients must be added to balance the following reaction?
_____ Pb + _____ H3PO4 yields _____ H2 + _____ Pb3(PO4)2
A: 3, 2, 1, 1
B: 3, 2, 2, 1
C: 3, 1, 3, 1
D: 3, 2, 3, 1
D: 3, 2, 3, 1 The Pb3(PO4) comes from having 3 Pb and 2 H3PO4. The H2 comes from the 2H3PO4
Hydrocarbons are organic compounds composed entirely of hydrogen and carbon. A 0.1647 g sample of a pure hydrocarbon was burned in a combustion apparatus to produce 0.4931 g of CO2 and 0.2691 g of water. Determine the empirical formula; enter as C#H# (for example: C1H1, write "1" if appropriate) Through another experiment it was determined that the molecular weight of this hydrocarbon is approximately 132 amu. What is the molecular formula of this compound? Enter as C#H# (for example C2H6, write "1" if appropriate)
The empirical formula of the hydrocarbon is C1H3, calculated from the products of combustion. Using the molecular weight approximation of 132 amu, the molecular formula determined is C8H24.
Explanation:To determine the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon, we analyze the products from its combustion. Since the sample produced 0.4931 g of CO2, we calculate the moles of carbon:
0.4931 g CO2 × (1 mol CO2/44.01 g CO2) = 0.01120 mol CO2
0.01120 mol CO2 corresponds to 0.01120 mol C (since there is 1 C in each CO2 molecule).
Similarly, given 0.2691 g of H2O:
0.2691 g H2O × (1 mol H2O/18.02 g H2O) = 0.01493 mol H2O
This gives us 0.02986 mol H (since there are 2 H in H2O).
The molar ratio of C to H can be simplified by dividing by the smaller number of moles:
Molar ratio C:H = 0.01120 mol C : 0.02986 mol H
We reduce this ratio to the simplest whole numbers to get the empirical formula:
(0.01120 / 0.01120) : (0.02986 / 0.01120) = 1:2.67
Approximating to whole numbers, we get C1H3 as the empirical formula.
To find the molecular formula, we use the given molecular weight (approximately 132 amu). Since the empirical formula weight of C1H3 is 12 (for C) + 3 (for H) = 15 amu, we calculate the multiplier:
Molecular weight / Empirical formula weight = 132 amu / 15 amu ≈ 8.8
This multiplier indicates the molecular formula is approximately 8 or 9 times the empirical formula. A whole number will result when using 8, thus we get the molecular formula C8H24.
Given the following equation: 2K + Cl2 -> 2KCl
How many grams of Cl2 are consumed to produce 12.0 g of KCl?
A. 1 gram
B. 6.0 grams
C. 16.09 grams
D. 5.7 grams
B. 6.0 grams of Cl2 are consumed to produce 12.0 g of KCl.
Potassium chloride is a major remixing option for the food industry to reduce sodium in foods. Simple Facts About Potassium Chloride: Potassium Chloride (KCl) is a naturally occurring potassium salt that is usually extracted from the ground or the sea.
KCL is currently Europe's largest medical learning center, with three teaching hospitals and more than 27,000 students (including about 10,500 graduate students) from 150 countries, including law and humanities. We also utilize the strengths of science and the humanities. advantage.
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One of the product chemicals is aluminum chloride, which is an eye and skin irritant that can cause chemical burns. What will prevent you from coming into contact with this hazard? Check all that apply.
OPTIONS:
a stir bar
filters
chemical-resistant gloves
a lab coat
fire blankets
safety glasses
ANSWER:
-Chemical-resistant gloves
-A lab coat
-Safety Glasses
Explanation:
Since, aluminium chloride is an eye and skin irritant. Therefore, it is better to follow safety measures while dealing with such a chemical.
Hence, it is good to wear a lab coat while working in a laboratory and wear chemical resistant gloves so that our skin does not come in contact with the chemical.
Also, safety glasses will prevent the eyes if there is spurting of chemical.
Thus, we can conclude that chemical-resistant gloves, a lab coat, and safety glasses will prevent you from coming into contact with the given hazard.
Answer: chemical-resistant gloves, a lab coat, and safety glasses
Ba(OH)2 Ba+2 + 2 OH- (dissolved in solution). Which will NOT happen to the equilibrium of this solution as H+ ions are added? H+ will combine with OH- to form water. The base will dissociate to form more OH-. The reaction will move to the right. The reaction will move to the left. The quantity of Ba(OH)2 will decrease.
Answer:
The reaction will move to the left.
Explanation:
For the reaction:Ba(OH)₂ = Ba²⁺ + 2OH⁻,
Ba(OH)₂ is dissociated to Ba²⁺ and 2OH⁻.
If H⁺ ions are added to the equilibrium:H⁺ will combine with OH⁻ to form water.
So, the concentration of OH⁻ will decrease and the equilibrium is disturbed.
According to Le Châtelier's principle: when there is an dynamic equilibrium, and this equilibrium is disturbed by an external factor, the equilibrium will be shifted in the direction that can cancel the effect of the external factor to reattain the equilibrium.
So, the reaction will move to the right to suppress the effect of decreasing OH⁻ concentration.The base will dissociate to form more OH⁻ and thus, the quantity of Ba(OH)₂ will decrease.So, the right choice is: the reaction will move to the left, is the choice that will not happen to the equilibrium.
Answer:
D.) The reaction will move to the left.
Explanation:
In the Haber reaction, patented by German chemist Fritz Haber in 1908, dinitrogen gas combines with dihydrogen gas to produce gaseous ammonia. This reaction is now the first step taken to make most of the world's fertilizer. Suppose a chemical engineer studying a new catalyst for the Haber reaction finds that 284. liters per second of dinitrogen are consumed when the reaction is run at 196.°C and 0.75atm . Calculate the rate at which ammonia is being produced. Give your answer in kilograms per second. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
Answer:
0.19 kg/sExplanation:
1) Word equation (given):
• Dinitrogen gas + dihydrogen gas → gaseous ammonia.
2) Chemical equation:
• N₂ (g) + 3H₂ (g) → 2NH₃ (g)
3) Mole ratios:
• 1 mole N₂ (g) : 3 mole H₂ (g) : 2 mole NH₃ (g)
4) Reaction rates:
• Rate of dinitrogen consumption: r₁ = n₁ / t (moles/s)
• Rate of ammonia production: r₂ = n₂ / t (moles/s)
• Due to the stoichiometric ratios: r₂ = 2 × r₁
5) Calculate r₁:
• 284 liter / s
• PV = nRT ⇒ n = PV / (RT)
• Divide by time, t: n/t = P (V/t) / (RT)
• Substitute V/t = 284 liter/s, P = 0.75 atm, and T = 196 +273.15K = 469.15K
r₁ = n₁ / t = (0.75 atm) (284 liter/s) / [ (0.08206 atm-liter/K-mol) (469.15k) ]
= 5.53 moles/s
6) Calcualte r₂
r₂ = 2 × r₁ = 2 × 5.53 mole/s = 11.06 mole/s7) Convert rate in mole/s to rate in kg/s
mass in grams = molar mass × number of molesmolar mass of NH₃ = 17.03 g/molmass = 17.03 g/mol × 11.06 /s = 188.4 g/sConvert 188.4 g/s to kg/s: 0.1884 kg/sCorrect number of significan digits: 2 (since the pressure is given with 2 significant figures.Answer: 0.19 kg/sWhen the reaction is run at 196.°C and 0.75atm, the rate at which ammonia is being produced is 0.19 kg/s.
To calculate the rate:
Firstly mole ratios:
1 mole N₂ (g) : 3 mole H₂ (g) : 2 mole NH₃ (g)
The rate of dinitrogen consumption:
Rate of ammonia production: r₂ = n₂ / t (moles/s)
The stoichiometric ratios: r₂ = 2 × r₁
To calculate r₁:
284 liter / s
PV = nRT
n = PV / (RT)
t: n/t = P (V/t) / (RT)
V/t = 284 liter/s,
P = 0.75 atm,
T = 196 +273.15K = 469.15K
r₁ = n₁ / t = (0.75 atm) (284 liter/s) / [ (0.08206 atm-liter/K-mol) (469.15k) ]
= 5.53 moles/s
Find r₂
r₂ = 2 × r₁
= 2 × 5.53 mole/s
= 11.06 mole/s
7) Change rate in mole/s to rate in kg/s
mass in grams = molar mass × number of moles
molar mass of NH₃ = 17.03 g/mol
mass = 17.03 g/mol × 11.06 /s
= 188.4 g/s
Convert 188.4 g/s into kg/s: 0.1884 kg/s
The significant digits is 0.19 kg/s.
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In the reversible reaction: 2NO2 (g) ⇌ N2O4 (g) the formation of dinitrogen tetroxide releases heat, and the formation of nitrogen dioxide absorbs heat. If the reaction is at equilibrium and the temperature decreases, what will the effect be?
A. The equilibrium will shift so that there is more nitrogen dioxide.
B. Dinitrogen tetroxide releases heat and changes from gas to liquid.
C. Nitrogen dioxide releases heat and changes from gas to liquid.
D. The equilibrium will shift so that there is more dinitrogen tetroxide.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Any change of temperature will subsequent in a change of the equilibrium position. With reference to Le Chaterlier's principle, this equilibrium shift will occur in a manner as to neutralize the change that the system has undergone.
In this case, the temperature is seen to have decreased. To neutralize this effect, the equilibrium position will shift in a manner as to increase the temperature back to its previous state.
This equilibrium shift will occur by favoring the reaction the reaction which results in the release of heat -which is the formation of dinitrogen tetrahydroxide.
This will result in the presence of more dinitrogren tetrahydroxide relative to the amount of nitrogen dioxide in the system.
Hope this helpsAnswer:
The equilibrium will shift so that there is more dinitrogen tetroxide.
Explanation:
Answer for Educere/ Founder's Education
If the solubility of potassium nitrate (KNO3) is 320 g/dm3, how much potassium nitrate can be dissolved in 16 cm3 of water?
A. 0.05 grams
B. 304 grams
C. 5.12 grams
D. 20 grams
The answer is C). Good luck.
If the solubility of potassium nitrate (KNO3) is 320 g/dm3, potassium nitrate can be dissolved in 16 cm3 of water is 5.12 g. The correct option is C.
What is solubility?The solubility is the ability of a solute to gets dissolved in the solvent and form a solution.
The solubility for (KNO3) is 320 g/dm3.
Volume of water to be dissolved is
16cm³ = 0.016 dm³
Then the solubility for the given volume will be
320 g/dm³ x 0.016 dm³ = 5.12 g
Thus, if the solubility of potassium nitrate (KNO3) is 320 g/dm3, potassium nitrate can be dissolved in 16 cm3 of water is 5.12 g. The correct option is C.
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HURRRRRYYYYYYY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Which has the least molecular kinetic energy?
A. a cloud
B. a hailstone
C. a raindrop
D. a puddle of water
Answer:
D
Explanation:
What an interesting amusing question.
The formula for KE = 1/2 m v^2.
v implies that there is motion.
The answer you are looking for is the body of water that has 0 for v.
A cloud moves, so it is not the answer.
A hailstone moves until it hits the ground. I'm assuming it's either on it's way down or it is caught in some sort of updraft in a cumulonimbus cloud. So it has motion.
Same comment for a raindrop. It has a v until it hits the ground so I'm assuming it is not the answer.
I've never seen a puddle of water move. It can only evaporate. So of all your choices, this one (D) is likely the right answer.