The characteristics applicable to gaseous state are low density, rapid molecular motion and large distance between particles.
What are the characteristics of gaseous state?Substances in gaseous state are easy to compress as they have large inter- molecular distances.They also have the unique property of expansion owing to which large amounts of gases can fit into small volumes.
As gases occupy large volumes as compared to their masses they have low density.Owing to their large inter-molecular spaces they have more degree of freedom due to which there is rapid molecular motion.
The kinetic energy possessed by gas molecules is highest in gases due to large spaces present between the molecules.They have high thermal energy as molecules are far apart and heat causes molecules to move faster.
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Calculate the pH if the pOH is 2.8
If the pOH of a solution is 2.8, you subtract it from 14 to find the pH, resulting in a pH of 11.2.
To calculate the pH from a given pOH, we can use the relationship that the sum of the pH and pOH is equal to 14 at 25 °C (298 K). If the pOH is 2.8, then we can find the pH by subtracting the pOH from 14:
pH = 14 - pOH
pH = 14 - 2.8
pH = 11.2
Therefore, if the pOH of a solution is 2.8, the pH is 11.2.
Pressure and volume are inversely related. When the pressure on a gas is doubled, what happens to the volume
Answer: Volume decreases to half of original volume
Explanation:
Boyle's Law: This law states that pressure is inversely proportional to the volume of the gas at constant temperature and number of moles.
[tex]P\propto \frac{1}{V}[/tex] (At constant temperature and number of moles)
[tex]{P_1V_1}={P_2V_2}[/tex]
where,
[tex]P_1[/tex] = initial pressure of gas = p
[tex]P_2[/tex] = final pressure of gas = 2p
[tex]V_1[/tex] = initial volume of gas = v
[tex]V_2[/tex] = final volume of gas = ?
Now put all the given values in the above equation, we get the final pressure of gas.
[tex]{p\times v}=2p\times V_2[/tex]
[tex]V_2=\frac{v}{2}[/tex]
Therefore, the final volume of the gas will become half of initial volume.
Compare bond lengths in butane and t butylcyclohexane
Answer:
The lengths of the C-C bonds increases with the decrease in the resistance of said bond, for example, a triple bond has a shorter length than in the case of a single bond. Butane has the single bonds and the CC bond is hybridized with sp3 hybridization, however in the butylcyclohexane structure the CC bond is also sp3 and the angle is 120°, however the angle shown is equal to 109.5°, so there is a certain angular tension and it is very unstable with respect to butane
Explanation:
Use the specific heat of water to determine how much heat is required to raise the temperature of 50.0g of water from 35oc to 55oc.
Answer:
There is 4184 Joule of energy required
Explanation:
Step 1: Data given
Mass of water = 50.0 grams
Initial temperature of water = 35.0 °C
Final temperature = 55.0 °C
Specific heat of water = 4.184 J/g°C
Step 2: Calculate the heat
Q = m*c*ΔT
⇒ Q = the heat transfer (in Joules)
⇒ m = the mass of water = 50.0 grams
⇒ c = the specific heat of water = 4.184 J/g°C
⇒ ΔT = The change of temperature of the water = T2 - T1 = 55.0°C - 35.0 °C = 20.0 °C
Q = 50.0g * 4.184 J/g°C * 20.0 °C
Q = 4184 J
There is 4184 Joule of energy required
What is the molality of a 13.82% by mass glucose solution? the molar mass of c6h12o6 is 180.16 g/mol?
Answer:
The molality is [tex]0.8901m[/tex]
Explanation:
Let's start defining the molality.
[tex]Molality=\frac{MolSolute}{KgOfSolvent}[/tex]
We also know that in terms of masses :
[tex]SoluteMass+SolventMass=SolutionMass[/tex] (I)
Finally, we define the mass percent as :
[tex]MassPercent=\frac{MassOfSolute}{MassOfSolution}.(100)[/tex]
Using the data of the mass percent we find that :
[tex]13.82=\frac{MassOfSolute}{MassOfSolution}.(100)[/tex]
[tex]\frac{MassOfSolute}{MassOfSolution}=0.1382[/tex] ⇒ [tex]MassOfSolution=\frac{MassOfSolute}{0.1382}[/tex] (II)
We know that the molar mass of glucose is [tex]180.16\frac{g}{mol}[/tex]
Therefore, if we use the mass of 1 mole of glucose ([tex]180.16g[/tex]) in (II) ⇒
[tex]MassOfSolution=\frac{180.16g}{0.1382}[/tex]
[tex]MassOfSolution=1303.618g[/tex]
Now, if we use the equation (I) :
[tex]180.16g+SolventMass=1303.618g[/tex]
[tex]SolventMass=1123.458g[/tex]
[tex]1Kg=1000g[/tex] ⇒ [tex]SolventMass=1.1234Kg[/tex]
We find that 1 mole of glucose ([tex]180.16g[/tex] of glucose) are combined with [tex]1.1234Kg[/tex] of solvent to obtain [tex]1303.618g[/tex] of solution which is a 13.82% by mass glucose solution.
If we want to find the molality, we can replaced all the data in the equation of molality :
[tex]Molality=\frac{(1Mol)OfGlucose}{(1.1234Kg)OfSolvent}[/tex]
[tex]Molality=0.8901m[/tex]
We use 1 mol of glucose in the equation (which corresponds to 180.16 g of glucose)
The letter ''m'' is the unit of molality.
Calculate the vapor pressure of a solution containing 27.2 g of glycerin (c3h8o3) in 132 ml of water at 30.0 ?c. the vapor pressure of pure water at this temperature is 31.8 torr. assume that glycerin is not volatile and dissolves molecularly (i.e., it is not ionic) and use a density of 1.00 g/ml for the water.
Final answer:
To find the vapor pressure of the glycerin solution, calculate the moles of glycerin and water, determine the mole fraction of water, and apply Raoult's law using the vapor pressure of pure water at the specified temperature.
Explanation:
To calculate the vapor pressure of the solution containing glycerin in water, we will use Raoult's law, which states that the vapor pressure of a solution is directly proportional to the mole fraction of the solvent. The first step is to calculate the number of moles of glycerin (C3H8O3) by using its molar mass (92.09 g/mol), and then calculate the number of moles of water using its given density (1.00 g/mL) to convert the volume to mass and then to moles with its molar mass (18.015 g/mol).
Once we have both amounts in moles, we can calculate the mole fraction of water and apply Raoult's law to find the new vapor pressure of the solution, knowing the vapor pressure of pure water at the given temperature (30.0 °C) is 30.6 Torr.
If there are 25 marbles in a box and 9 of them are blue, what percent of the marbles are a color than blue?
There are 25 marbles in a box and 9 of the marbles are blue. What percent of the marbles are a color other than blue.
First, we need to understand what the problem is asking us to do. If we know that there are 9 marbles in the box that are blue and there are 25 marbles that are in the box altogether, we can subtract 9 from 25 and we get a difference of 16. Now we know that we need to find the percent of the marbles that are not blue.
16 ÷ 25 = 0.64
0.64 × 100 = 64%
Therefore, 64% of the marbles are a different color than blue and 36% of the marbles are blue.
How much energy would be released if 1.0 g of material were completely converted into energy?
Final answer:
The energy released from converting 1.0 g of mass into energy is 9 × 10¹³ joules (J), using the equation E = mc², where c is the speed of light.
Explanation:
According to Einstein's famous equation E = mc², where E represents energy, m is mass, and c is the speed of light in a vacuum, the energy released from completely converting 1.0 g of mass into energy is tremendously large. Since the speed of light, c, is approximately 3 × 10⁸ meters per second, and the mass m is 1.0 g (which is 1/1000 of a kilogram), the calculation is E = (1.0 g / 1000) × (3 × 10⁸ m/s)². This results in an energy release of 9 × 10¹³ joules (J), which is equivalent to about twice the energy released by the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima.
What gas was produced by the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide? what happened when the smoldering toothpick came into contact with the gas? b boldi italicsu underline bulleted list numbered list superscript subscript?
When hydrochloric acid and zinc were combined, the flask was sealed and thus no gas could escape from the flask. why did the pressure decrease as the temperature decreased?
Explanation:
According to the the ideal gas law, PV= nRT.
This means that pressure is directly proportional to temperature.
So, when HCl and zinc are combined in a flask then it will lead to the formation of zinc chloride and hydrogen gas.
The reaction equation will be as follows.
[tex]HCl + Zn \rightarrow ZnCl_{2} + H_{2}[/tex]
Since, the flask is sealed hence, hydrogen gas will not be able to move out of the flask.
So, when it will behave ideally then due to directly proportional relation between pressure and temperature there will occur a decrease in temperature with decrease in pressure.
55 kg of liquefied natural gas (lng) are stored in a rigid, sealed 0.17 m3 vessel. in this problem, model lng as 100% methane. due to a failure in the cooling/insulation system, the temperature increases to 200 k, which is above the critical temperature; thus, the natural gas will no longer be in the liquid phase.
The pressure in the vessel after the temperature increase is approximately 33.65 MPa.
We are given a scenario where liquefied natural gas (LNG) stored in a rigid, sealed vessel experiences a temperature increase beyond its critical point, causing it to transition from a liquid to a gas phase. We need to find the final pressure in the vessel using the ideal gas law.
2. Modeling the system:
We treat the LNG as pure methane ([tex]CH_4[/tex]) for simplification.
We assume the system behaves like an ideal gas, meaning it follows the ideal gas law.
3. Setting up the equation:
The ideal gas law relates pressure (P), volume (V), number of moles (n), gas constant (R), and temperature (T) through the equation:
PV = nRT
4. Identifying known and unknown values:
V: 0.17 m³ (volume of the vessel)
R: 8.314 J/(mol·K) (universal gas constant)
T: 200 K (final temperature)
P: Unknown (pressure we need to solve for)
5. Converting mass of LNG to moles:
Molar mass of methane ([tex]CH_4[/tex]): 16.04 g/mol
Mass of LNG (m): 55 kg = 55,000 g
Number of moles (n):
n = m / molar mass
n = 55,000 g / 16.04 g/mol
n ≈ 3433 mol
6. Solving for pressure:
Plug the known values into the ideal gas law and solve for P:
P = (n * R * T) / V
P = (3433 mol * 8.314 J/(mol·K) * 200 K) / 0.17 m³
P ≈ 33,647,247 Pa
7. Converting units and expressing final answer:
Convert pressure from Pascal (Pa) to Megapascal (MPa):
P = 33,647,247 Pa * (1 MPa / 1,000,000 Pa)
P ≈ 33.65 MPa
The question probable may be:
55 kg of liquefied natural gas (lng) are stored in a rigid, sealed 0.17 m3 vessel. in this problem, model lng as 100% methane. due to a failure in the cooling/insulation system, the temperature increases to 200 k, which is above the critical temperature; thus, the natural gas will no longer be in the liquid phase. What would be pressure in the vessel after the temperature increase
Phosphorus has three unpaired electrons and hydrogen has one unpaired electron this means that_____ equivalents of hydrogen can react with ______ equivalents of phosphorus.
Three equivalents of hydrogen can react with one equivalent of phosphorus to form compounds like phosphine, where each hydrogen atom forms a bond with one of the unpaired electrons of phosphorus.
Phosphorus typically has three unpaired electrons and hydrogen has one unpaired electron, which means that three equivalents of hydrogen can react with one equivalent of phosphorus. For instance, in the formation of phosphine, PH₃, three hydrogen atoms will combine with one phosphorus atom, each hydrogen providing one electron to form a single bond with phosphorus. Since phosphorus has three unpaired electrons available, it is able to form three single bonds with three hydrogen atoms, resulting in the phosphine compound.
Which of the following is an indication that a substance has undergone a chemical change?
No new product has been formed.
The color of the substance has not changed.
The original constitute has not changed.
The molecular structure has changed.
Answer:
D.
The molecular structure has changed.
Explanation:
I got it right on Plato.
The generic metal a forms an insoluble salt ab(s) and a complex ac5(aq). the equilibrium concentrations in a solution of ac5 were found to be [a] = 0.100 m, [c] = 0.0110 m, and [ac5] = 0.100 m. determine the formation constant, kf, of ac5.
Assuming that the reaction from A and C to AC5 is only one-step (or an elementary reaction) with a balanced chemical reaction of:
A + 5 C ---> AC5
Therefore the formation constant can be easily calculated using the following formula for formation constant:
Kf = product of products concentrations / product of reactants concentration
Kf = [AC5] / [A] [C]^5
---> Any coefficient from the balanced chemical reaction becomes a power in the formula
Substituting the given values into the equation:
Kf = 0.100 M / (0.100 M) (0.0110 M)^5
Kf = 6,209,213,231
or in simpler terms
Kf = 6.21 * 10^9 (ANSWER)
a) Diamond and graphite are two different forms of pure elemental carbon with densities of 3.51 g/cc and 2.25 g/cc respectively. What volume would be occupied by a 0.50 g diamond? What volume would be occupied by a 0.50 g piece of graphite?
What is the mass loss of the nucleus, in u, upon emission of this gamma ray? -g?
A gas cylinder contains exactly 15 moles of oxygen gas (O2). How many molecules of oxygen are in the cylinder? 4.01 × 1022 molecules 6.02 × 1023 molecules 9.03 × 1024 molecules 2.89 × 1026 molecules
Answer:
answer in picture It's B
Explanation:
Determine the number of 3s electrons in na.
Which of the following does not apply to obtaining a career in chemistry?
•There is only one path to get a career in chemistry.
•There are many paths to getting a career in chemistry.
•Start by talking to teachers and counselors about different career options.
•Talk to students already enrolled in the programs that you are interested in.
ANSWER: There is only one path to get a career in chemistry.
EXPLANATION: There are many paths of career in Chemistry and not only one. It would not be justified to say that there is only one path to get a career in chemistry. Careers in chemistry would include Biochemistry, Forensic Scientist, Research Scientist, Chemical Engineer, Chemical Plant Operator and even a Science teacher or Chemistry professor in a school or university.
Calculate the mass of water produced when 1.92 g of butane reacts with excess oxygen.
a 0.175 m weak acid acid solution has ph of 3.25 find ka for the acid
To find the Ka value for the weak acid, we can use the given pH and concentration of the acid solution. The Ka value is calculated using the equation Ka = ([H3O+][A-])/[HA].
Explanation:To find the value of Ka for the weak acid, we can use the given pH and concentration of the acid solution. We know that the pH is a measure of the concentration of H3O+ ions in a solution, so we can use the pH to calculate the [H3O+] concentration. From the given pH of 3.25, we can determine that the [H3O+] concentration is 10^(-pH). So, [H3O+] = 10^(-3.25) M.
Now, the equilibrium equation for the dissociation of the weak acid is HA(aq) + H2O(l) -> H3O+(aq) + A-(aq). Since we know the [H3O+] concentration, we can assume that the [HA] concentration is equal to the [H3O+] concentration. So, [HA] = [H3O+] = 10^(-3.25) M.
The Ka value is calculated using the equation Ka = ([H3O+][A-])/[HA]. Substituting the given values, Ka = (10^(-3.25)^2)/10^(-3.25). Simplifying this expression gives us the value of Ka for the acid.
The main difference between heat and temperature is the temperature is Solely dependent on the
Answer:the answer is the Velocity of molecules in the body
Explanation:hope this helped have a great day
Find the missing part of this equation
When a colorless aqueous solution of lead nitrate is combined with a colorless aqueous solution of sodium iodide a bright yellow precipitate is formed. what is the chemical formula for the precipitate?
The chemical formula of the bright yellow precipitate is PbI₂ (lead iodide).
What is the balanced chemical equation?A chemical equation is the representation of a chemical reaction which consists of reactants participating, formed products, and an arrow indicating the direction of the chemical reaction.
The equation that has the number of atoms of substances equal on either side of the chemical equation is known as a balanced chemical equation.
The law of conservation of mass has to be followed by a balanced chemical equation, according to which, the total mass of the elements on the reactant side must be equal to the total mass of elements on the product side.
The chemical equation of the reaction of lead nitrate and an aqueous solution of sodium iodide:
[tex]Pb(NO_3)_2(aq) + 2NaI \longrightarrow 2NaNO_3(aq) + PbI_2 (s)[/tex]
The bright yellow precipitate formed in the above chemical reaction has the chemical formula PbI₂.
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Why is butane in the lighter a liquid yet the butane in the buret is a gas?
A sample of hydrated sodium thiosulfate has a mass of 6.584 g. After it is heated, it has a mass of 4.194 g. What is the percentage by mass of water in the hydrate?
36.30%
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How many moles of oxygen are needed to completely react with 9.5 grams of sodium
Answer: 0.103 moles of oxygen
Explanation:
According to avogadro's law, 1 mole of every substance occupies 22.4 Liters at STP and contains avogadro's number [tex]6.023\times 10^{23}[/tex] of particles.
To calculate the moles, we use the equation:
[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given volume}}{\text {Molar volume}}[/tex]
[tex]\text{Number of moles of sodium}=\frac{9.5g}{23g/mol}=0.413moles[/tex]
[tex]4Na+O_2\rightarrow 2Na_2O[/tex]
According to stoichiometry:
4 moles of [tex]Na[/tex] combine completely with 1 mole of [tex]O_2[/tex] to give 2 moles of [tex]Na_2O[/tex]
Thus 0.413 moles of [tex]Na[/tex] will combine completely with=[tex]\frac{1}{4}\times 0.413=0.103[/tex] moles of [tex]O_2[/tex]
Thus 0.103 moles of oxygen are needed to completely react with 9.5 grams of sodium
How Does The Modern Periodic Table Arrange Elements? By Atomic Mass By Atomic Number
By Number Isotopes
By Electron Mass
The addition of 435.2 j of heat is required to raise the temperature of 3.4 g of olive oil from 21?c to 85?c. what is the specific heat of the olive oil?
The specific heat of olive oil is 2 J/g °C'
From the question,
We are to determine the specific heat of olive oil
From the formula
Q = mcΔT
Where Q is the quantity of heat
m is the mass of substance
c is the specific heat of substance
ΔT is the change in temperature
From the given information
Q = 435.2 J
m = 3.4 g
ΔT = 85 °C - 21 °C = 64 °C
Putting the above parameters into the formula, we get
435.2 = 3.4 × c × 64
435.2 = 217.6c
∴ c = 435.2 ÷ 217.6
c = 2 J/g °C
Hence, the specific heat of olive oil is 2 J/g °C
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In the reaction Na2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O, how many grams of CO2 are produced when 7.5 moles of HCl is fully reacted?
165.04 grams of CO2 will be produced when 7.5 moles of HCl is fully reacted with Na2CO3 according to the balanced chemical equation provided, using stoichiometry and the molar mass of CO2.
Calculating the Mass of CO2
To find out how many grams of CO2 are produced when 7.5 moles of HCl is fully reacted, we will use the given balanced chemical equation and stoichiometry. The balanced equation is Na2CO3 + 2HCl
ightarrow 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O. According to the stoichiometry of the equation, 2 moles of HCl will produce 1 mole of CO2. Since we have 7.5 moles of HCl, this would react to produce 7.5 / 2 = 3.75 moles of CO2.
The molar mass of CO2 is 44.01 g/mol. So to convert moles of CO2 to grams, we multiply the number of moles by the molar mass: 3.75 moles imes 44.01 g/mol = 165.0375 grams of CO2. Therefore, 165.04 grams of CO2 (rounded to two decimal places) will be produced when 7.5 moles of HCl is fully reacted.