Answer:
4) HNO₃ + KOH → KNO₃ + H₂O.
Explanation:
The neutralization reaction is the reaction between an acid and a base that results in a salt and water.So, the right choice is:
4) HNO₃ + KOH → KNO₃ + H₂O.
Where, an acid (HNO₃) reacts with a base (KOH) and results in a salt (KNO₃) and water.
How many valence electrons do alkaline earth metals have
Answer:
The alkaline earth metals have 2 valence electrons.Explanation:
Alkaline earth metals are the family of metals that belong to group (column) number 2 in the periodic table.
You can tell the number of valence electrons of the representative elements by the number of column: the ones digit is the number of valence electrons.
This is how this works:
Column number ones digit number of valence electrons
1 1 1 (alkali metals)
2 2 2 (alkaline earth metals)
13 3 3
14 4 4
15 5 5
16 6 6
17 7 7 (halogens)
18 8 8 (noble gases).
Of course, this is consequence of the electron configurations.
The electron configuration of the alkaline metals ends in ns², whrere n is the main energy level (principal quantum number), and the superscript 2 is the number of electrons in that level, so the number of valence electrons is 2.Alkaline earth metals, such as Beryllium and Magnesium, found in group 2 of the periodic table, have two valence electrons that are responsible for bonding.
Explanation:Alkaline earth metals, which are found in the second group of the periodic table, have two valence electrons. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom and participate in forming chemical bonds. Examples of alkaline earth metals are Beryllium (Be), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), and Barium (Ba), among others. In all of these cases, they have two electrons in their outer shell, which makes them alkaline earth metals.
For instance, Beryllium (Be) is an alkaline earth metal and it is in the second column (group 2) of the periodic table, this means it has two electrons in its outer shell. These valence electrons are the ones available for bonding with other atoms.
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Which part of the hydrocarbon name tells you the amount of carbon in the molecule?
The leading numbers
Ending
The ending numbers
Prefix
Answer:
Prefix
Explanation:
Hydrocarbon are organic compounds that are made up of hydrogen atoms and carbon atoms.The root name of a hydrocarbon is based on whether the hydrocarbon form a chain or a ring.A prefix to the hydrocarbon name comes before the molecule and is based on the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon. For example, a chain eight carbon atoms would be using prefix oct-.The prefix of the hydrocarbon name indicates the amount of carbon in the molecule, derived from the longest continuous carbon chain within the compound, according to IUPAC nomenclature.
The part of the hydrocarbon name that tells you the amount of carbon in the molecule is the prefix. The prefix is determined by the number of carbon atoms in the longest continuous carbon chain. For example, the prefix for a hydrocarbon with three carbon atoms would be 'prop' and the full name for an alkane with this number of carbons would be propane. This naming system is part of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) rules for nomenclature, which provides a systematic way to name hydrocarbons and other organic compounds.
Hydrocarbon compounds with different numbers of carbon atoms use specific numerical prefixes such as 'meth-' for one carbon, 'eth-' for two, 'prop-' for three, up to 'dec-' for ten, and beyond. The ending of the hydrocarbon name, such as '-ane', '-ene', or '-ol', indicates the type of hydrocarbon or functional group but does not tell you about the number of carbon atoms.
Classify each statement about catalysts as true or false.
Catalyst lower activation energy
Catalyst are consumed by the overall reaction
Catalyst speed up chemical reaction
Answer:
Catalyst lower activation energy: TRUECatalyst are consumed by the overall reaction: FALSECatalyst speed up chemical reaction: TRUEExplanation:
Chemical reactions follow a path: reactants increase their chemical energies, form activated complexes (transition compounds) until reaching the activation energy, from which the final products are formed.
Catalysts are substances that can change the path of the reactions by lowering the activation energy (first statement is true) and, consequently, speeding up the reaction (third statement is true).
The activation energy is the minimum amount of energy required for the reactants to form the activated complex. So, catalysts, by providing a new path, where the activation energy is lower, manage to incrase the rate of the reaction.
But catalysts, although intervene in the reaction by modifying the way the reactants will react, do not form part of the reactants nor products, so they are not consumed by the overall reaction (second statement is false).
In chemistry, catalysts lower the activation energy thus speeding up chemical reactions, but they are not consumed by the reaction.
Explanation:The first statement, Catalysts lower activation energy, is true. Catalysts work by providing an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy. This allows the reaction to proceed more rapidly.
The second statement, Catalysts are consumed by the overall reaction, is false. One of the key characteristics of a catalyst is that it is not consumed in the reaction. While it may temporarily bond with reactants during the process, it is released and available to participate in subsequent reactions.
The third statement, Catalysts speed up chemical reaction, is true. By lowering the activation energy, catalysts allows the reaction to occur at a faster rate.
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2Al + 6HCl ? 2AlCl3 + 3H2 If the chemical reaction produces 129 grams of AlCl3, how many grams of H2 are also produced?
Answer:B 2.92
Explanation: its correct my guy
Answer:
2.83848 grams of [tex]H_{2}[/tex] are produced
Explanation:
Assuming that the reaccions continues until the total consumption of the reagents, it is possible to establish:
1 mol Al = 1 mol [tex]AlCl_{3}[/tex]
2 mol [tex]AlCl_{3}[/tex] = 3 mol [tex]H_{2}[/tex]
Then, by looking at the periodic table, it is possible to know the molar wheigt of the compounds:
1 mol Al = 29.9815 gr
1 mol [tex]H_{2}[/tex] = 2 gr
1 mol [tex]AlCl_{3}[/tex] = 136.3405 gr
Reeplacing the moles with the respectly wheights of compounds:
29.9815 gr Al = 136.3405 gr [tex]AlCl_{3}[/tex]
X gr Al = 129 gr [tex]AlCl_{3}[/tex]
So, 129 grams of [tex]AlCl_{3}[/tex] equals to 28.3673 grams of Al.
Then, following the same line of thought:
29.963 gr Al (2 moles) = 6 gr [tex]H_{2}[/tex] (3 moles)
28.3673 gr Al = Y gr [tex]H_{2}[/tex]
So, 28.3673 grams of Al equals to 2.8384 grams of [tex]H_{2}[/tex].
A sample of cold water was mixed with a sample of hot water inside a calorimeter, and the final temperature of the cold water was 40 °C. Which statement is true about the hot water in the calorimeter? It absorbed 40 joules. It absorbed 80 joules. Its final temperature was 80 °C. Its final temperature was 40 °C.
Answer: Option (d) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Since it is given that temperature of hot water is 40 degree celsius. So, when cold water is added into it then it will absorb heat from the hot water and hence, temperature of cold water will become equal to 40 degree celsius.
Therefore, a thermal equilibrium will be maintained as temperature of both hot and cold water becomes equal. In thermal equilibrium, hotter body loses the heat and colder body absorbs the heat.
Therefore, we can conclude that the true statement about the hot water in the calorimeter is its final temperature was [tex]40^{o}C[/tex].
Answer:
D. final temperature was 40c
Explanation:
Why is thermal energy produced not generally usable to do work? A. Because the thermal energy dissipates too quickly and is not concentrated enough to be used B. Because this energy is lost to the universe C. Because thermal energy is a form of energy that cannot be used to do any work D. Because thermal energy does not have the same equivalent to do work as other forms
Answer:
A sounds like the best answer to me because thermal energy can cool very quickly if its hot
Explanation:
Answer: Option a
Explanation: Thermal energy can be defined as using heat as a form of energy for doing work. It can be used for various processes.
But there is a problem associated with this energy, that is the thermal energy dessipiates very fastly and so it cannot be used as a form of energy for doing work.
It cools down very fastly and so it cannot be used as a source.
The concentration of a solution can be expressed in
Answer:
The concentration of a solution can be expressed in a number of ways or units. For example:
mol / litermol / kg% g/gExplanation:
The concentration of a solution can be expressed in different units.
Concentration is a measure of the amount of solute in an amount of solvent or solution.
These are some units used to express the concentration, depending on the measure (concept) used:
Measure Definition units
(concept)
Molarity moles of solute per liter of solution mol / liter
Molality moles of solute per kg of solvent mol / Kg
% (w/w) percent mass/mass % g / g
% (w/V) percent mass / volume % g/V
% (V/V) percent volume / volume & V/V
Why is it that the boiling temperature of the water is lower at high elevations than at sea level because the atmospheric pressure is lower at high elevation than at sea level? Can someone explain the chemistry behind this?
Answer:
Explanation:
At high elevations the atmospheric pressure is lower. That means that slower moving molecules of water at the surface meet with less resistance from the atmospheric pressure. So the water begins to escape with less energy needed. The boiling point goes from 100 at sea level to about 93 degrees about 6000 feet up.
Which BEST describes the illustration below?
A pure substance made of a compound
A pure substance made of an element
A mixture made up of different compounds
A mixture made up of different elements
The best description of the illustration is option C. A mixture made up of different compounds.
The illustration appears to be a mixture made up of different compounds. It contains several distinct shapes, including triangles and circles, which could represent different types of molecules.
Additionally, the colors of the shapes vary, suggesting that they are composed of different elements.
However, based on the visual evidence, it is most likely a mixture of multiple compounds.
Therefore, option C, "A mixture made up of different compounds" is the best description of the illustration.
The correct option is c. A mixture made up of different compounds.
To best describe the illustration, one must understand the definitions of the terms involved:
A pure substance is a form of matter that has a constant composition and distinct properties. It cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by physical methods. Pure substances can be either elements or compounds.
An element is a pure substance that consists of a single type of atom and cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.
A compound is a pure substance composed of two or more elements in a specific ratio and structure, forming a molecule with distinct chemical properties.
A mixture is a combination of two or more different substances (either elements or compounds) that are not chemically bonded and can be present in varying proportions. Mixtures can be either homogeneous (uniform composition throughout) or heterogeneous (non-uniform composition).
Given that the illustration depicts a mixture, it means that the components are not chemically bonded and can vary in proportion. If the mixture is made up of different compounds, it implies that there are multiple substances, each with its own unique chemical composition, mixed together but not reacting to form a new substance. This is consistent with the definition of a mixture made up of different compounds.
Both fructose and glucose have an empirical formula of CH2O and a molecular mass of 180.15948 g/mol. Determine the molecular formula.
A)
CH2O
B)
C3H8O3
C)
C6H12O6
D)
C8H16O8
Answer:
C) C₆H₁₂O₆.
Explanation:
We can determine the molecular formula by calculating the molecular mass of different choices.Molecular mass = ∑(no. of atoms * atomic mass).
A) CH₂O:
molecular mass = atomic mass of C + 2*atomic mass of H + atomic mass of O = (12.0 g/mol) + (2 * 1.0 g/mol) + (16.0 g/mol) = 30.0 g/mol.
B) C₃H₈O₃:
molecular mass = 3(atomic mass of C) + 8(atomic mass of H) + 3(atomic mass of O) = 3(12.0 g/mol) + 8(1.0 g/mol) + 3(16.0 g/mol) = 92.0 g/mol.
C) C₆H₁₂O₆:
molecular mass = 6(atomic mass of C) + 12(atomic mass of H) + 6(atomic mass of O) = 6(12.0 g/mol) + 12(1.0 g/mol) + 6(16.0 g/mol) = 180.0 g/mol.
D) C₈H₁₆O₈:
molecular mass = 8(atomic mass of C) + 16(atomic mass of H) + 8(atomic mass of O) = 8(12.0 g/mol) + 16(1.0 g/mol) + 8(16.0 g/mol) = 240.0 g/mol.
So, the right choice is: C) C₆H₁₂O₆.
The molecular formula of the compound is the C₆H₁₂O₆. The correct option is C.
The empirical formula of the fructose and the glucose = CH₂O
The molecular mass of the compound = 180.15948 g/mol
The empirical formula mass of the molecule, CH₂O = 12 + 2(1) + 16 = 30 g/mol
The number of empirical formula units = 180.15948 g/mol / 30 g/mol
The number of empirical formula units = 6
The molecular formula of the compound = 6( CH₂O)
The molecular formula of the compound = C₆H₁₂O₆
Therefore, the molecular formula of the compound is C₆H₁₂O₆. The option C is correct.
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A compound is composed of 85.64% carbon and 14.36% hydrogen. The compound has a formula mass of 42.08 grams. What is the molecular formula?
Answer:
The molecular formula is C₃H₆Explanation:
1) Assume 100 g of substace:
Carbon, C: 85.64% × 100 g = 85.64 gHydrogen, H: 14.36% × 100 g = 14.36 g2) Convert the masses in grams to number of moles
moles = mass in grams / atomic massatomic mass of C: 12.011 g/molatomic mass of H: 1.008 g/molCalculations:
C: 85.64 g / 12.011 g/mol = 7.130 molH: 14.36 g / 1.008 g/mol = 14.25 mol3) State the ratio of moles.
Divide the number of moles of each element by the least number of moles:
C: 7.130 mol / 7.130 mol = 1.0 molH: 14.25 mol / 7.130 mol = 2.0 mol4) Set the empirical formula:
CH₂5) Calculate the mass of one mol of the empirical formula:
CH₂: 12.011 g/mol + 2× 1.088 g/mol = 14.027 g/mol6) Calculate how many times the mass of the empirical formula is contained in the mass of the molecular formula:
42.08 g / 14.027 g = 2.9999 = 37) Set the molecular formula:
Multiply each subscript of the empirical formula by the previos ratio: 3
C: 1 × 3 = 3H: 2 × 3 = 6Conclusion: the molecular formula is C₃H₆
Answer:
C₃H₆
Explanation:
7 In order to determine the identity of a substance, a student listed the
following properties. Which of the following is a chemical property?
A Oxidizes in air
B Conducts an electric current
C Attraction to a magnet
D Dissolves in water
Answer:
A Oxidizes in air
Explanation:
The chemical properties are those properties that tells us what a substance does as regards to wether it reacts with other substances or not. Most chemical properits of matter signifies a change in their chemical make up.
When a matter oxidizes in air, it depicts its chemical property. It tells us how in the presence of air such a substance would interact. Not all matter oxidizes in air.
Other chemical properties are flammability, rusting of iron, precipitation, decomposition of wate by electric current.
Answer:
d.
Explanation:
Arrange the following gases in order of increasing average molecular speed at 25 degrees C: N2, He, O2, CO2
Explanation:
It is known that relation between average molecular speed and and molar mass is as follows.
[tex]\frac{R_{1}}{R_{2}} = \sqrt{\frac{M_{2}}{M_{1}}}[/tex]
where, [tex]R_{1}[/tex] = average molecular speed of gas 1
[tex]R_{2}[/tex] = average molecular speed of gas 2
[tex]M_{1}[/tex] = molar mass of gas 1
[tex]M_{2}[/tex] = molar mass of gas 2
This means that more is the molar mass of a gas lesser will be its average molecular speed.
Hence, molar mass of nitrogen ([tex]N_{2}[/tex]) = 14 g/mol
Molar mass of helium (He) = 2 g/mol
Molar mass of oxygen ([tex]O_{2}[/tex]) = 16 g/mol
Molar mass of carbon dioxide ([tex]CO_{2}[/tex]) = 44 g/mol
Thus, given gases are arranged in order of increasing average molecular speed at [tex]25^{o}C[/tex] as follows.
[tex]CO_{2}[/tex] < [tex]O_{2}[/tex] < [tex]N_{2}[/tex] < He
Answer:
The correct answer is [tex]CO_{2} >O_{2} > N_{2} > He[/tex]
Explanation:
The relationship between the molecular weight of the compound and the speed of the compound is inverse.
Hence, the more the molecular weight, the less the molecular speed.
The molecular weight is as follows:-
carbon dioxide has 44, oxygen has 32, nitrogen has 28 and helium is 4.
Therefore, the correct sequence is [tex]CO_{2} >O_{2} > N_{2} > He[/tex]
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What is the maximum volume of 0.10 m naoh that can be completely neutralized by 25 milliliters of 0.20 m hcl?
Answer:
50. mL
Explanation:
What is the molarity of sodium chloride in a solution containing 0.50 mol of sodium chloride in 500 ml of water?
Answer:
The molarity of the solution is 1.0 MExplanation:
1) Data:
a) n = 0.50 mol
b) V = 500 ml
c) M = ?
2) Formula:
Molarity, M = number of moles of solute / volume of solution in litersM = n / V (liter)
3) Conversion of units:
500 ml × 1.00 liter / 1,000 ml = 0.500 liter4) Solution:
Substitute in the formula:
M = n / V (liter) = 0.50 mol / 0.500 liter = 1.0 mol / liter = 1.0 MThe answer must be reported with two significant figures.
The molarity of the sodium chloride solution is 1.0 M. The molarity is 1.0 M because 0.50 moles of NaCl is dissolved in 0.50 liters of solution, resulting in 1.0 M.
To calculate the molarity of the solution, we use the formula:
[tex]\[ \text{Molarity (M)} = \frac{\text{Number of moles of solute (n)}}{\text{Volume of solution (V) in liters}} \][/tex]
Given that we have 0.50 moles of sodium chloride (NaCl) and the volume of the solution is 500 ml (which is equivalent to 0.5 liters), we can plug these values into the formula:
[tex]\[ \text{Molarity (M)} = \frac{0.50 \text{ mol}}{0.50 \text{ L}} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \text{Molarity (M)} = 1.0 \text{ M} \][/tex]
Therefore, the molarity of the sodium chloride solution is 1.0 M.
At a temperature of 500 kelvins, 6 liters of an ideal gas had a pressure of 300 newtons
per square meter. If the temperature was reduced to 250 kelvins, and the volume raised
to 9 liters, what was the resulting pressure ?
(A) 100 newtons/m^2
(B) 150 newtons/m^2
(C) 450 newtons/m^2
(D) 900 newtons/m^2
(E) none of these
Answer A
Explanation:
Answer:
(A) 100 newtons/m^2
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, the equation defining such changes is:
[tex]P_1V_1T_2=P_2V_2T_1[/tex]
Thus, the unknown is the pressure at the second state, which is found as shown below:
[tex]P_2=\frac{P_1V_1T_2}{V_2T_1}=\frac{300Pa*6L*250K}{9L*500K} \\P_2=100Pa=100\frac{N}{m^2}[/tex]
Therefore, the answer is (A).
Best regards.
A hydrogen atom has a radius of 2.5 x 10^11m
Determine the radius of a magnesium atom
Answer:
The radius of a Magnesium atom is [tex](1.5).10^{-10}m[/tex]
Explanation:
The question is wrong and a graph is missing.
It should be '' A hydrogen atom has a radius of [tex](2.5).10^{-11}m[/tex] ''
I also add the missing graph.
If we take a look at the graph, we can see that using that scale the atomic radius of the Hydrogen is [tex]6mm[/tex] and the atomic radius of Magnesium is [tex]36mm[/tex]
Therefore, the radius of the Magnesium atom
[tex]\frac{36mm}{6mm}=6[/tex]
is six times bigger than the Hydrogen atom
If we multiply by 6 the radius of the Hydrogen atom ⇒
[tex](6).(2.5).10^{-11}m=(1.5).10^{-10}m[/tex]
The radius of a magnesium atom would be smaller than the radius of a hydrogen atom. The exact value of the radius depends on various factors.
Explanation:The radius of an atom is difficult to determine precisely because it depends on various factors such as the atomic structure and the electron cloud. However, we can estimate the radius of a magnesium atom based on its atomic radius trend within the periodic table.
On the periodic table, as you move from left to right across a period, the atomic radius tends to decrease. Since magnesium is located to the right of hydrogen, its atomic radius would likely be smaller. Therefore, we can say that the radius of a magnesium atom would be smaller than 2.5 x 1011m.
It's important to note that the actual value of the radius of a magnesium atom can vary depending on the specific context or measurement technique.
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Which too factors determine whether a collision between two reactant molecules will result in a reaction? select all that apply.
The energies of the colliding particles much be equal to each other.
The particles must be in the correct orientation upon impact.
The particles must collide with enough energy to meet the activation energy of the reaction.
The particles must be charged.
Answer:
The particles must be in the correct orientation upon impact.
The particles must collide with enough energy to meet the activation energy of the reaction.
Explanation:
This a problem related to chemical kinetics. The collision theory is one of the theories of reaction rates and it perfectly explains how the effectiveness of colliding molecules dictates the pace of a reaction.
For reactions to occur, there must be collisions between reacting particles. It implies that the collision per unit time and how successful collisions are determines the rate of chemical reactions in most cases. Therefore, for a collision to be successful, colliding particle must have enough energy which is greater than the activation energy of the reaction. In order to also produce the desired products, the colliding particles must be properly oriented.
Answer:
The particles must be in the correct orientation upon impact.
The particles must collide with enough energy to meet the activation energy of the reaction.
Explanation:
Particles must collide in order for chemical reactions to take place, but they must collide in the correct orientation.
Heat increases the rate at which particles collide and the force with which they collide, and so will usually increase the rate at which reactions occur. So, although heat can affect reaction rates, it is not the determining factor for their occurrence.
Although pH can influence the reaction rates of many biological reactions, it is generally only relevant to acid-base reactions.
The activation energy is the minimum required kinetic energy that the particles must possess in order for a reaction to take place.
Which of these statements are characteristic of matter in the gaseous state?A. Gases fill their containers completelyB. Gases exert pressureC. Gases have massD. The pressure of a gas is independent of its temperatureE. Gases are compressibleF. The distances between particles in a gas are relatively large
Answer:
All but D are true characteristics of matter in gaseous state:
A. Gases fill their containers completelyB. Gases exert pressureC. Gases have massE. Gases are compressibleF. The distances between particles in a gas are relatively largeExplanation:
Matter reaches the gaseous state when the particles (atoms or molecules) overcome the attractive forces that keep them close to each other.
While solids and liquids retain a considerable intermolecular force that keep the molecules together and have a definite volume, gas particles are very apart of each other, meaning that they move freely and occupy the entire space of their containers. Thus, you conclude that the choice A, Gases flill their containers, is true.
As consequence of the lack of intermolecular forces, the gas particles move fast and collide both with other particles and with the walls of the container. As consequence of the many, many collisions of many, many particles with the walls, a net force is exerted over such walls, which results in the pressure. Thus, you conclude that the choice B, Gases exert pressure, is true.
All matter has mass, so choice C, Gases have mass, is also true.
Choice D, the pressure of a gas is independent of its temperature, is false: the higher the temperature, the greater the kinetic energy of the particles, the larger the number of collisions, and the larger the pressure exerted by the gas.
Choice E, Gases are compressible, is a consequence of the feature stated in choice F, The distances between particles in gas are relatively large. That the distances in a gas are relatively large was stated initially, when it was said that once the attractive forces that keep the particles togethe are ovecomer, the gas particles will separate and occupy a large volume.
Gases fill their containers completely, exert pressure, have mass, are compressible, and have particles separated by relatively large distances. Statement D from the question is incorrect as the pressure of a gas is not independent of its temperature.
A. Gases fill their containers completely: This is because gas particles move randomly and rapidly, expanding to fill the entire volume of the container.B. Gases exert pressure: As gas particles collide with the walls of their container, they exert pressure.C. Gases have mass: Despite being small and spread out, the particles in a gas still have mass.E. Gases are compressible: Due to the large amount of space between particles, gases can be compressed significantly.F. The distances between particles in a gas are relatively large: This large distance is what allows gases to be compressed and to fill containers completely.The statement D. 'The pressure of a gas is independent of its temperature' is incorrect. The pressure of a gas is actually dependent on the temperature, as higher temperatures result in faster-moving particles that collide with the container walls more frequently, thus increasing pressure.
lf the attractive forces among the solid are less than the attractive forces between the solid and a liquid, the solid will?
A) dissolve as particles are pulled away from crystal lattice by the molecules
B) probably form a new precipitate as its crystal is broken and reformed
C) be unaffected because attractive forces within the crystal lattice are too strong for the dissolution to occur
D) Begin the process of melting to form a liquid
Based on the information given, the solid will C. be unaffected because attractive forces within the crystal lattice are too strong for the dissolution to occur.
It should be noted that in a situation where the attractive forces that are among the solid are less than the attractive forces between the solid and a liquid, then the solid won't dissolute.
In this case, the solid will not dissolve since the particles cannot be pulled away. Therefore, the solid will be unaffected due to the fact that the attractive forces that are within the crystal lattice are too strong for the dissolution to occur.
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Final answer:
When the attractive forces between a solid and a liquid exceed those among the solid particles, the A. solid will dissolve, following the solvation process and the principle of 'like dissolves like'.
Explanation:
If the attractive forces among the solid are less than the attractive forces between the solid and a liquid, the solid will dissolve as particles are pulled away from the crystal lattice by the molecules of the liquid. This is due to the process called solvation, where the interactions between solute and solvent are stronger, leading to the separation of the solute particles which are then surrounded by solvent molecules.
Thus, when a solid dissolves in a liquid, the intermolecular forces between the solid particles and the solvent molecules overcome the forces holding the solid together, allowing the solid to break apart and mix uniformly with the liquid. This concept follows the principle that like dissolves like, suggesting that substances with similar intermolecular forces tend to form solutions.
What occurs when a gas is changed into a liquid
for liquid to gas, Evaporation or vaporization.
for gas to liquid, condensation occurs. The opposite of evaporation. Condensation is when the gas gives up it's latent heat and simply condenses.
In the process of nuclear fission,1(_____).Fission only happens to very 2(_____) atoms.The Fission process usually also produces several free 3(_____)
1 .one atom splits into two,two atoms combine into one
2.large,small
3.electrons,hydrogen atoms,neutrons
Answer:
1. One atom splits
2. large
3. neutrons
Explanation:
In the process of nuclear fission,1__one atom splits___.Fission only happens to very 2(__large___) atoms.The Fission process usually also produces several free 3(__neutrons___).
Nuclear fission is a radioactive decay process in which heavy and unstable radioactive nucleus decays into lighter ones with the release of energy and free neutrons.
Fission differs from fusion in that in nuclear fusion, two light atoms comes together to form a large one. This process releases a very great amount of energy.
Answer: 1. One atom splits into two, 2. Large 3. Neutrons
Explanation:
Which has the higher boiling point, C3H8 or C8H10? Explain your reasoning.
Answer:C8H10
Explanation:
The greater the number of carbon molecules in the atom, the greater the boiling point
a sample of gas with a volume of 2.0 L at STP is found to have a mass of 1.43 g calculate the molecular mass of this gas. is it possible this gas is methane? why or why not
Answer:
molar mass = 16.03 g/mol.
Yes, the mentioned gas is methane.
Explanation:
We can use the general law of ideal gas: PV = nRT.where, P is the pressure of the gas in atm (P = 1.0 atm, at STP).
V is the volume of the gas in L (V = 2.0 L).
n is the no. of moles of the gas in mol (n = ??? mol).
R is the general gas constant (R = 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K),
T is the temperature of the gas in K (T = 273 K, at STP).
∴ n = PV/RT = (1.0 atm)(2.0 L)/(0.0821 L.atm/mol.K)(273 K) = 0.08923 mol.
∵ n = mass/molar mass
∴ molar mass = mass/n = (1.43 g)/(0.08923 mol) = 16.03 g/mol.
∵ molar mass of methane (CH₄) = 16.0 g/mol.
So, the mentioned gas is methane.
which of these is not a physical property of matter? A density B boiling point C malleability D combustibility
Answer:
Combustibility (choice D) is not a physical property of matter.Explanation:
Matter has physical and chemical properties.
A physical property can be measured or observed without changing the chemical composition of the matter, this matter will remain being the same matter after observing or measuring its physical properties.
Some examples of physical properties are density, boiling point, malleability, mass, volume, freezing point, ductibility, among many others.
On the other hand, chemical properties are only observed when a chemical change takes place. In this case the matter undergoes a chemical reaction and the original substance becomes one or more different substances.
Combustibility is the property of ungergoing a combustion reaction. The combustion reactions are those in which matter reacts with oxygen releasing energy and light.
Organic matter undergoes combustion producing carbon dioxide and water.
An example of combustion is the burning of methane:
CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O + heat + lightAs you see, to observe the combustibility of methane it must undergo a chemical change, so this is a chemical property.
19. Kepler's laws follow which law discovered by Sir Isaac Newton? A. Universal Law of Force B. Universal Gravitational Law C. Universal Laws of Attraction D. Universal Law of Friction so am thinking b is right answer >?
You are right the answer is B.
Universal Gravitational Law
How many moles of chloride ions are there in 2 moles of calcium chloride?
Answer:
There are 4 moles of chloride ions in 2 moles of calcium chloride.Explanation:
Start by writing the chemical formula of calcium chloride.
The suffix -ide in chloride means that chlorine is working as the ion Cl⁻, this is with oxidation state -1.
Calcium, being an alkaline earth metal, uses oxidation state +2, Ca²⁺
Then, two atoms of Cl are combined with one atom of calcium, because in this way each Cl atom will accept one electron from a Ca atom, which will donate its two valence electrons.
That is indicated in the chemical formula with subscripts: CaCl₂, meaning that each formula-unit of calcium chloride has 2 ions of chlorine and 1 ions of calcium, or twice the number of moles of chloride ion.
1 mol CaCl₂ : 1 mol Ca⁺ : 2 mol Cl⁻⇒ 2 mol CaCl₂ : 2 mol Ca⁺ : 4 mol Cl⁻
Hence, there are 4 moles of chloride ions in 2 moles of calcium chloride.
What do coefficients represent in a balanced equation?
Answer:
relative numbers of each molecule or formula unit
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Explanation:
Neils Bohr published his model of the atomic structure in 1913. He introduced the theory of electrons traveling in orbits around the atom's nucleus, with electrons orbiting only in certain orbits called shells. Each shell can contain a fixed number of electrons.
According to this model of the atom, the chemical properties of an element are mainly determined by
A)
the number of electrons in the outer shells.
B)
the number of electrons in the inner shells.
C)
the total number of electrons in all shells.
D)
the difference between number of electrons and protons.
Elim
Answer:
A) the number of electrons in the outer shells.
Explanation:
The Bohr's model of the atoms shows that electrons orbits the nucleus in energy levels that are discrete and quantised. Orbital electrons are pulled by the nucleus. The nuclear pull is strongest on the shells closer to the nucleus and weakest as we reach the outermost sphere.
From this model, we see that chemical properties are governed by how much electrons an atom is ready to lose from its outermost shell in which the energy is the lowest. It is the electrons in the outermost shell or valence shell that determines how atoms would behave chemically.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
What can be added to an atom to cause a nonvalence electron in the atom to temporarily become a valence electron?
Answer:
What can be added to an atom to cause a nonvalence electron in the atom to temporarily become a valence electron is energy.
Explanation:
The normal state of the atoms, where all the electrons are occupying the lowest possible energy level, is called ground state.
The valence electrons are the electrons that occupy the outermost shell, this is the electrons in the highest main energy level (principal quantum number) of the atom.
So, a nonvalence electron occupies an orbital with less energy than what a valence electron does; in consequence, in order to a nonvalence electron jump from its lower energy level to the higher energy level of a valence electron, the former has to absorb (gain) energy.
This new state is called excited state and is temporary: the electron promoted to the higher energy level will emit the excess energy, in the form of light (photons), to come back to the lower energy level and so the atom return to the ground state.
Answer:
Energy-
and it can be added to an atom to cause a non-valence electron in the atom to temporarily become a valence electron