The lack of an atmosphere means convection cannot happen on the moon. Therefore, there is no form of heat dissipation on regions in direct sunlight. In addition, the lack of an atmosphere means there is no greenhouse effect on the moon. This is why regions facing away from sunlight are very cold.
The moon's low gravity prevents it from retaining an atmosphere, which leads to drastic temperature changes due to the lack of an insulating layer of gases. Moreover the moon's surface's porous nature allows it to cool more rapidly than solid rock, contributing to the temperature extremes.
Explanation:The primary reason for the large temperature differences on the moon's surface, despite the absence of an atmosphere, is related to the moon's gravity, surface composition, and the radiation from the Sun.
The moon has about one-sixth Earth's surface gravity. This is too low to retain an atmosphere. Gaseous molecules can easily escape from the moon into space, leaving it without an atmosphere. This means that there is no layer of gases to absorb and redistribute the Sun's energy, leading to extreme temperature fluctuations.
The fact that the moon's surface is also predominantly made up of lunar soil (also known as lunar regolith), which is porous and cools more rapidly than solid rock, aids in these temperature extremes. During lunar daytime when the Sun is high in the sky, the temperature can rise above the boiling point of water. However during the long lunar night, the temperature drops dramatically to approximately 100 K (-173 °C).
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A gas heated to millions of degrees would emit
A gas heated to millions of degrees would emit mostly x-rays.
High-energy electromagnetic waves would be produced by a gas that has been heated to millions of degrees in terms of thermal radiation. The atoms and molecules included in a gas experience collisions, transitions, and ionisation processes as its temperature rises.
A wide range of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and X-rays, are produced as a result of these powerful interactions. The gas composition, temperature, and other parameters affect the precise wavelengths and intensities of the radiation that is emitted.
This effect has been seen in a variety of astrophysical settings, including high-temperature plasmas in laboratory studies, the highly hot and active areas of stars, supernovae, and accretion discs surrounding black holes.
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Eight different values of resistance can be obtained by connecting together three resistors 6.50 Ω, 7.60 Ω, and 1.70 Ω in all possible ways. What are the values in the following situations? All the resistors are connected in series. Ω All the resistors are connected in parallel. Ω The 6.50 Ω and 7.60 Ω resistors are connected in parallel, and the 1.70-Ω resistor is connected in series with the parallel combination. Ω The 6.50 Ω and 1.70 Ω resistors are connected in parallel, and the 7.60-Ω resistor is connected in series with the parallel combination. Ω The 7.60 Ω and 1.70 Ω resistors are connected in parallel, and the 6.50-Ω resistor is connected in series with the parallel combination. Ω The 6.50 Ω and 7.60 Ω resistors are connected in series, and the 1.70-Ω resistor is connected in parallel with the series combination. Ω The 6.50 Ω and 1.70 Ω resistors are connected in series, and the 7.60-Ω resistor is connected in parallel with the series combination. Ω The 7.60 Ω and 1.70 Ω resistors are connected in series, and the 6.50-Ω resistor is connected in parallel with the series combination. Ω Additional Materials
Final answer:
The resistance when all three resistors are connected in series is 15.80 Ω. The resistance when all three resistors are connected in parallel is 1.67 Ω. For the other combinations, the same principles of series and parallel connections can be applied to calculate the resistances.
Explanation:
In a series circuit, the resistors are connected end-to-end, such that the total resistance is the sum of the individual resistances. So, in this case, the resistance when all three resistors are connected in series would be 6.50 Ω + 7.60 Ω + 1.70 Ω = 15.80 Ω.
In a parallel circuit, the resistors are connected in branches, such that the total resistance is determined by the reciprocal of the sum of the reciprocals of the individual resistances. So, in this case, the resistance when all three resistors are connected in parallel would be 1/(1/6.50 Ω + 1/7.60 Ω + 1/1.70 Ω) = 1.67 Ω.
For the other combinations, you can apply the same principles of series and parallel connections to calculate the resistances.
please help on this one?
I believe that it is d correct me if wrong because the higher the temperature the more active the molecules are gonna be, but the graph does not explicitly state that, so you can say the answer is d (if not the answer is c) (sorry if wrong)
Why do astronomers hypothesize that a massive black hole lies at the center of m87?
According to Einstein's theory of relativity, a black hole is a "singularity" that consists of a region of the space in which the density of matter tends to infinity. In consequence, this huge massive body has a gravitational pull so strong that not even light can escape from it.
In addition, "the surface" of a black hole is called the event horizon, which is the border of space-time in which the events on one side of it can not affect an observer on the other side.
In other words, at this border also called "point of no return", nothing can escape (not even light) and no event that occurs within it can be seen from outside.
In this sense, and according to the relativity, it is possible to determine where a black hole is if it is "observed" an enormous amount of energy released. So, in accordance to this, galaxies like ours must have a black hole in its center.
On the other hand, the elliptical galaxy Mesier 87 (also called Virgo A, but from now on M87) was showing the above described behaviour, with enormous jets of high-energy particles shooting away from its vicinity . This was imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope years ago; that is why astronemers were hypothesizing about the existence of a massive black hole there.
Well now, on April, 10th 2019 this was demonstrated with the publication of the image, for the first time, of the event horizon of the black hole in M87. This is the first time in human history a picture of a black hole is taken.
This was done by the huge effort of diverse scientist and by the syncronization of eight radio telescopes scattered across the Earth (located at: Hawaii, Spain, Chile, Mexico, Arizona and the South Pole), which took the same point of the sky at the same time.
Batteries (e.g., lead-acid batteries) store chemical energy and convert it to electric energy on demand. Batteries do not store electric charge or charge carriers. Charge carriers (electrons) enter one terminal of the battery, acquire electrical potential energy, and exit from the other terminal at a lower voltage. Remember the electron has a negative charge! It is convenient to think of positive carriers flowing in the opposite direction, that is, conventional current, and exiting at a higher voltage. (Benjamin Franklin caused this mess!) For a battery rated at 12 V and 350 A-h, determine: a. The rated chemical energy stored in the battery. b. The total charge that can be supplied at the rated voltage.
Answer:
A battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections provided to power electrical devices such as flashlights, smartphones, and electric cars. When a battery is supplying electric power, its positive terminal is the .... Batteries convert chemical energy directly to electrical energy.
Explanation:
The rated chemical energy stored in the battery would be 15120000 Joules.
The total charge that can be supplied at the rated voltage would be 1260000 Coulombs.
What is power?The rate of doing work is known as power. The Si unit of power is the watt.
Power =work/time
The mathematical expression for the electric power is as follows
P = VI
As given in the problem For a battery rated at 12 V and 350 A-h,
A. The rated chemical energy of the battery,
energy = power ×time
= 12×350 ×3600
= 15120000 Joules
B.The total charge that can be supplied at the rated voltage,
total charge = current ×time
= 350 × 3600 Coulombs
= 1260000 Coulombs
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A transformer has 1400 turns on the primary and 110 on the secondary.?If the primary is connected to a 120V outlet and draws 3.0x10^-2 Amps, what are the voltage and current of the secondary? A) 1500 V, 2.4x10^-3 A B) 1500 V, 0.38 A C) 9.4 V, 2.4x10^-3 A D) 9.4 V, 0.38 A
Answer:
D) 9.4 V, 0.38 A
1) Voltage in the secondary coil: 9.4 V
The transformer equation states that:
[tex]\frac{V_p}{N_p}=\frac{V_s}{N_s}[/tex]
where
Vp = 120 V is the voltage in the primary coil
Np = 1400 is the number of turns in the primary coil
Vs = ? is the voltage in the secondary coil
Ns = 110 is the number of turns in the secondary coil
Solving the formula for Vs, we find
[tex]V_s = N_s \frac{V_p}{N_p}=(110)\frac{120 V}{1400}=9.4 V[/tex]
2) Current in the secondary coil: 0.38 A
A transformer is considered to be 100% efficient: it means that there is no loss of power, so the power in input is equal to the power in output
[tex]P_i = P_o\\V_p I_p = V_s I_s[/tex]
where
Vp = 120 V is the voltage in the primary coil
[tex]I_p = 3.0\cdot 10^{-2} A[/tex] is the current in the primary coil
Vs = 9.4 V is the voltage in the secondary coil
[tex]I_s[/tex] is the current in the secondary coil
Solving the equation for [tex]I_s[/tex],
[tex]I_s = \frac{V_p I_p}{V_s}=\frac{(120 V)(3.0\cdot 10^{-2}A)}{9.4 V}=0.38 A[/tex]
What equation would you use to find the time taken for an object to travel a set distance?
Time = (the set distance) / (the object's traveling speed)
A bowling ball of mass mb = 3.1 kg is rolled down the lane with a velocity of v1 = 2.5 m/s. It strikes a single remaining pin mp = 0.67 kg head on. After the collision the bowling ball has a velocity (in the same direction) of v2 = 1.95 m/s. How fast will the pin move immediately after it is hit?
Answer:
pin will move in the direction of motion of ball with speed
v = 2.54 m/s
Explanation:
As we know that there is no force on the pin + bowling ball system
So we will have net momentum before and after collision will remain conserved
so we will say that
[tex]m_b v_i = m_b v_{1f} + m_p v_{2f}[/tex]
now plug in all data into the above equation
[tex]3.1(2.5) = 3.1(1.95) + 0.67 v[/tex]
[tex]3.1(2.5 - 1.95) = 0.67 v[/tex]
[tex]v = \frac{3.1(2.5 - 1.95)}{0.67}[/tex]
[tex]v = 2.54 m/s[/tex]
Here, we are required to determine how fast the pin will move after it is hit.
The pin will move with a velocity of;.
v(p) = 2.54m/s
From the question, it is evident the pin is stationary prior to the collision.
During a collision, Momentum is conserved.Therefore,
momentum before collision = momentum after collision.{m(b)×v1} + {m(p)×0} = {m(b)×v2} + {m(p)×v(p)}
We then have;
(3.1 × 2.5) = (3.1 × 1.95) + (0.67 × v(p))
Therefore; 0.67v(p) = 1.705
v(p) = 1.705/0.67
Therefore, the pin will move with a velocity of;
v(p) = 2.54m/s
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Rising warm air transports thermal energy by
Rising warm air transports thermal energy by ( water vapor).
Water vapor.
A 405 Hz tuning fork and a piano key are struck together, and no beats are heard. When a 402 Hz tuning fork and the same piano key are struck, three beats are heard. What is the frequency of the piano key?
The difference between the frequencies of the piano key and the tuning fork gives the frequency of the beats.
When the tuning fork is 405 Hz, and no beats are heard, then the piano key is also 405 Hz.
When the piano key is 405 Hz and the tuning fork is 402 Hz, then 405 - 402 = 3 beats are heard.
The piano key is 405 Hz.
Final answer:
The frequency of the piano key is 405 Hz, as it matches one tuning fork without producing beats and creates a beat frequency of 3 Hz with the other tuning fork.
Explanation:
To determine the frequency of the piano key, we analyze the beat phenomena observed with tuning forks of known frequency. When two sound waves of slightly different frequencies are played together, they produce a phenomenon known as beats. The frequency of the beats is the absolute difference between the two frequencies. If no beats are heard, it means the two sounds have the same frequency. Thus, when the 405 Hz tuning fork and the piano key are struck together and no beats are heard, the piano key's frequency is 405 Hz. However, with the 402 Hz tuning fork, three beats per second are heard, indicating a difference of 3 Hz. Therefore, the piano key must be producing a frequency of either 402 Hz + 3 Hz = 405 Hz or 402 Hz - 3 Hz = 399 Hz. Since 405 Hz was established as producing no beats with the piano key, the frequency of the piano key is confirmed to be 405 Hz.
An electron in a tv picture tube is accelerated through a potential difference of 10 kv before it hits the screen. What is the kinetic energy of the electron in electron volts?
Answer:
10,000 eV
Explanation:
Due to the law of conservation of energy, the kinetic energy of the electron at the end of its path is equal to its initial electric potential energy, given by:
[tex]U=q\Delta V[/tex]
where
q is the electron charge
[tex]\Delta V[/tex] is the potential difference
Here we have:
[tex]q=1 e[/tex] is the electron's charged
[tex]\Delta V=10 kV=10,000 V[/tex] is the potential difference
Substituting into the formula, we have
[tex]U=(1e)(10,000 V)=10,000 eV[/tex]
Final answer:
An electron accelerated through a potential difference of 10 kv gains 10,000 eV of kinetic energy, as there's a direct relationship between the potential difference in volts and the kinetic energy in electron volts.
Explanation:
The question involves an electron that is accelerated through a potential difference of 10 kv (10,000 volts) before it hits the screen, and you're asked to find the kinetic energy of the electron in electron volts (eV). The relationship between the potential difference an electron is accelerated through and the kinetic energy it gains is direct and linear. For every 1 V of potential difference, an electron gains 1 eV of kinetic energy.
Therefore, if an electron is accelerated through a potential difference of 10,000 volts (10 kv), it gains 10,000 eV of kinetic energy. This straightforward calculation is based on the basic principle that the kinetic energy gained by an electron (in eV) is numerically equivalent to the potential difference (in volts) it is accelerated through.
A student wants to demonstrate entropy using the songs on her portable music player. What should she do to demonstrate the highest entropy?
A.Play only the classical songs on shuffle.
B.Play all the songs in order by artist.
C.Play all the songs on shuffle.
D.Play all the songs in alphabetical order.
play all the songs in alphabetical order
What units are used to express pressure measurements
The three units used to express pressure are pascal (Pa), atmosphere (atm), and Hg (torr).
The three units are pascal(pa) atmosphere (atm) and hg (torr)
ANSWER TRUE OR FALSE: The people in the northern hemisphere experience the seasons opposite of the people in the southern hemisphere
That's TRUE.
For example:
-- When it's Winter in Canada, the USA, and France, it's Summer in Australia, Paraguay, and Namibia. (This is the end of December, all of January and February, and most of March.)
-- When it's Winter in Tasmania, South Africa, and Botswana, it's Summer in Germany, Israel, and Mexico. (This is the end of June, all of July and August, and most of September.)
-- The Spring and Fall are opposite too.
Answer: true
Explanation:
Why does water form spherical drops on some surfaces
By the cohesive forces of the surface layers and other forces including gravity and other drops of virtually all liquids ♀️
What elements compose the stars and planets in the universe
27% helium and 71% hydrogen
What is the maximum height a 100-w engine can lift a 100-kg man in 3.00 minutes?
Answer:
18.4 m
Explanation:
The force that the engine must apply at least to lift the man must be equal to the weight of the man:
[tex]F=mg=(100 kg)(9.8 m/s^2)=980 N[/tex]
The work done by the engine is the product of the force applied, F, and the height at which the man is lifted, h:
[tex]W=Fh[/tex] (1)
while the power of the engine is defined as:
[tex]P=\frac{W}{t}[/tex]
where
P = 100 W
t = 3.00 min = 180 s
From this equation, we find the work:
[tex]W=Pt=(100 W)(180 s)=18,000 J[/tex]
And solving (1) for h, we find the maximum height:
[tex]h=\frac{W}{F}=\frac{18,000 J}{980 N}=18.4 m[/tex]
What type of light has the wavelength of:
(Show Work!)
A) 5.0 x 10^-4 m?
B) 2.4 x 10^-8 m?
C) 12mm?
Wavelength A (5.0 x 10⁻⁴ m) corresponds to visible light (green), B (2.4 x 10⁻⁸ m) corresponds to gamma rays, and C (12 mm) corresponds to microwaves in the electromagnetic spectrum.
Explanation:The types of light associated with different wavelengths can be understood by examining the electromagnetic spectrum.
A) 5.0 x 10⁻⁴ m (or 500 nm): This wavelength lies in the visible spectrum, particularly in the region that would appear as green light.B) 2.4 x 10⁻⁸ m (or 0.024 nm): This extremely short wavelength is characteristic of gamma rays, which are a form of ionizing radiation on the high-energy end of the electromagnetic spectrum.C) 12 mm: This wavelength is within the microwave range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which is used in various technologies including microwave ovens and certain communication devices.How does the number of each type of particle in a sodium ion compare with the number of each type of particle in a sodium atom?
friction heats up the brake pads of a car as it stops what is this an example of?
This an example of the law of Conservation of Energy.
The car has quite a bit of kinetic energy while it's rolling. If you want to stop it, you have to take that kinetic energy away from the car, AND you have to do something with that energy.
If it's an electric car or hybrid, you can turn the kinetic energy into electrical energy, put it back into the batteries, and use it again later.
If it's just an ordinary gas guzzler, there's no way to save the kinetic energy. You use the car's kinetic energy to scrape two rough surfaces together, that turns it into heat, and the air blows the heat away.
Next time you want the car to roll again, you have to make more, new, kinetic energy. So you take chemical energy out of more gas, and you use the motor to turn the chemical energy into kinetic energy.
It's all the law of Conservation of Energy ... in action.
If 1495 j of heat is needed to raise the temperature of a 339 g sample of a metal from 55.0°c to 66.0°c, what is the specific heat capacity of the metal
Specific heat of a substance can be calculated using the equation q=mst, where “q” is heat applied to the system, “m” is the mass of the substance, “s” is the specific heat, and “t” is the change in temperature. In this case,
q=mst
(1495 J)=(339 g)(s)(+11 degrees C)
s=0.401 J/g•degrees C.
The specific heat of this substance is 0.401 J/g•degrees C). However, the problem is asking for the heat capacity of the metal, which is defined as C=ms using the same definitions as above. In this case, the heat capacity of the metal works out to be 135.91 J/g.
Hope this helps!
A flashlight beam makes an angle of 60 degrees with the surface of the water before it enters the water. in the water what angle does the beam make with the surface? (nwater = 1.33)
a. 22o
b. 0o
c. 30o
d. 60o
e. 68o
When a flashlight beam enters water, it refracts and changes direction. Using Snell's law, we can calculate the angle the beam makes with the water's surface as approximately 41.81 degrees.
Explanation:When light enters a different medium, it changes direction. This phenomenon is called refraction. The angle at which light changes direction depends on the refractive indices of the two media involved. In this case, the light beam is passing from air (with a refractive index of 1.00) into water (with a refractive index of 1.33).
To find the angle the beam makes with the surface of the water, we can use Snell's law: n1 sinθ1 = n2 sinθ2, where n1 and n2 are the refractive indices of the two media, and θ1 and θ2 are the angles of incidence and refraction, respectively.
In this case, n1 = 1.00 (air) and n2 = 1.33 (water). The angle of incidence θ1 is given as 60 degrees. Plugging these values into Snell's law, we can solve for θ2:
n1 sinθ1 = n2 sinθ2
1.00 sin(60) = 1.33 sinθ2
0.866 = 1.33 sinθ2
sinθ2 ≈ 0.650
θ2 ≈ sin-1(0.650)
Using a calculator, we find that θ2 is approximately 41.81 degrees. Therefore, the beam makes an angle of about 41.81 degrees with the surface of the water.
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Which of the following statements about scientific models is accurate?
A.They are always more complex than the object, process, or system they represent.
B.They are always more simpler than the object, process, or system they represent.
C.They are always more smaller than the object, process, or system they represent.
D.They are always more larger than the object, process, or system they represent.
Answer:
They are always simpler than the object, process, or system they represent.
Explanation:
The main difference between a radio wave and a sound wave is their different
Answer:
Direction of oscillations
Explanation:
- Radio waves are part of the electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves consist of oscillating electric and magnetic field. Electromagnetic waves are transverse, which means that the oscillation (of the fields) occurs in a direction perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave.
Electromagnetic waves are also the only type of waves that can travel through a vacuum, since they do not need a medium to propagate.
- Sound waves are mechanical waves, which consists of periodic disturbances of a medium. Sound waves are longitudinal, which means that the direction of their oscillation occurs parallel to the direction of propagation of the wave, creating alternating regions of higher density (compressions) and lower density (rarefactions) of particles.
Mechanical waves, unlike electromagnetic waves, always need a medium to propagate.
Mechanical advantage allows you to apply a force over a what distance to what the distance an object moves
Mechanical advantage allows you to apply a force over a short distance to increase the distance and object moves.
Water flows through a horizontal pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point b is larger than the diameter of the pipe at point a. Where is the speed of the water the greatest?
The speed of the water is the greatest at point B
The speed of water flowing through a pipe is greatest at the point where the pipe's diameter is smallest. So, in this scenario, the speed of water is greatest at Point A.
Explanation:In fluid dynamics, a principle known as Bernoulli's Principle explains that as the cross-sectional area of a pipe changes, so does the speed of fluid flowing through it. In your scenario, water is flowing through a horizontal pipe with different diameters at Point A and Point B. As per Bernoulli's Principle, the water speed is greatest at the point where the pipe's diameter is smallest. Therefore, since Point A has a smaller diameter than Point B, the speed of the water is greatest at Point A.
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How does latitude affect climate?
Latitude controls the angle of tilt for Earth’s axis.
Latitude determines the duration of daylight hours.
Latitude causes air temperatures to remain cool at higher elevations.
Latitude causes ocean currents to move in a certain direction.
Answer:
The CORRECT ANSWER is Latitude determines the duration of daylight hours on E2020
The way in which latitude affect climate is: B. Latitude determines the duration of daylight hours.
Climate can be defined as the long-term average atmospheric conditions (weather) prevailing in a specific region and persists for a very long period of time.
Latitude refers to a geographic coordinate that specifies the angular distance of a place North or South of the Earth's surface, which is usually expressed in degrees and minutes.
In Science, latitude is the most important factor that influences the climate of a region because it determines the amount of sunlight that are received in a particular region.
In conclusion, latitude affect climate because it determines the duration of daylight hours.
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What quantities determine the resistance of a piece of material? Choose all that apply.The voltage across the materialThe type of materialThe current flowing through the piece of materialThe cross-sectional area of the piece of materialThe length of the piece of material
The resistance is a measure of how the material impedes the flow of electrons through it. There are several factors that affect the resistance of a wire or a material.
The four main factors which affect the resistance of a material are;
The length of the wireThe thickness of the wireThe temperature of the wireThe type of material the wire is made of.The resistance of a piece of material is determined by its type of material, cross-sectional area, and length. Voltage and current are related to resistance through Ohm's law but do not determine it. Temperature can also affect resistance.
Explanation:The quantities that determine the resistance of a piece of material are:
It is to be noted that the voltage across the material and the current flowing through do not determine the resistance of a material but are related to it by Ohm’s law, which states that voltage (V) is the product of current (I) and resistance (R): V = IR.
Additionally, temperature can also influence resistance, generally increasing it in conductors as temperature rises.
Which option correctly defines a generator?
1. a device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy
2. a device that converts light energy into electrical energy
3. a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy
4. a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy
The answer is 2. A generator takes the gas and runs it through the carburetor and then that takes it to the electrical port to be converted into electricity.
A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction.
The correct option is D.
A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. It does this by using the principles of electromagnetic induction, where a magnet and a coil of wire are used to create a flow of electrons, resulting in the generation of electricity. The mechanical energy required to turn the magnet or the coil of wire can come from various sources, such as steam, water, wind, or even the movement of a hand crank.
For example, in a hydroelectric power plant, water flowing over a turbine causes the turbine to spin, which in turn rotates a magnet inside a coil of wire. As the magnet moves, it creates a changing magnetic field, which induces an electric current in the wire, generating electricity.
Therefore, the correct option that defines a generator is option 4: a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Hence The correct option is D.
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50 POINTS! A supplier wants to make a profit by buying metal by weight at one altitude and selling it at the same price per pound weight at another altitude. The supplier should
a. buy at high altitude and sell at low altitude
b. buy at low altitude and sell at high altitude
c. disregard altitude because it makes no difference
Choice A is the right answer! Buy at high altitude and sell at low altitude
Hope this helps :)
They should A- buy at a high altitude and sell at a low altitude